Luke 15:13 And not many days after the younger son gathered all together, and took his journey into a far country, and there wasted his substance with riotous living.
And after not many days getting together all, the younger son, went abroad in a domain distant and there scatter abroad the property of his living destructively.
Lots of uncommon words and one unique one. Some of the uncommon ones are translated very differently in the other verses in which they appear.
The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
The Greek word translated as "not" is the Greek negative used to deny objective facts, not opinions. It makes a negative statement of fact. Adding "really" to the sentence captures the same idea.
The word translated as "many" means many in number, great in power or worth, and large in size.
The Greek word translated as "days" also means "time," in general, and refers specifically to the "daytime."
"After" is the Greek word that is means "after" or "behind" when referring to a place, time, or pursuit. In the Greek, it appears before the "many days."
"The younger" is the comparative form of the adjective that means "young," "youthful," "suited to a youth," "new," "fresh,."
The word translated as "son" more generally means "child" or "children." It can refer to all offspring in later generations, just like "father" refers to all previous generations.
The Greek word translated as "gathered...together" means "to bring together." It has many different uses, but it does not specifically mean gathering in the crops. That is why that idea is provided specifically by the phrase that follows.
The word translated as "all" is the Greek adjective meaning "all," "the whole," "every," and similar ideas. When it is used as a noun, we would say "everything." As an adverb, it means "in every way," "on every side," and "altogether."
There is no "and" in the Greek.
The verb translated as "took his journey" the means "to be far from home" and "to go abroad." It was used only in Matthew 25:14 and Matthew 21:33 to capture a similar idea.
The word translated as "into" means "into" a place, "towards" as a direction, and "up to" limits in time and measure.
"Far" is an adjective that means in length, "long," in height, "tall," "high," "deep," in distance, "long," "far," "remote," generally, "large in size or degree," "great," of Time, "long," and "tedious." As a noun, it means "length." As an adverb, "lengthy."
The word translated as "country" is uncommon. The word means "a special place," "a spot" and "a landed estate." It means "land" more in the sense of an estate, that is, granted land. In English, we might say a "duchy," "principality" or "domain."
The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis ("also") and, In a series, it can be translated as "not only...but also."
"Wasted" is from a verb that means "to scatter abroad," "to disperse among." It doesn't mean "wasted" in any common sense. It is translated even more confusingly in Matthew 25:24 where it is translated as "strawed." The form is the second person.
The word translated as "his" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. The word means "the same" when used as an adjective.
The Greek word translated as "substance" is used here and it could be a part of the "mystery word" in the Lord's Prayer. This noun means "that which is one's own," "one's substance," "property," "substance," "essence," "true nature," "substantiality," and in Magic, "a material thing by which a connection is established between the person to be acted upon and the supernatural agent. Its root is a form of the verb "to exist." This word only appears in Jesus's word here and in the previous verse.
The term translated as "living" is the Greek verb that means not only to have life and breath but to the enjoyment of living as well, specifically, to be "full of life." Jesus also uses it in the sense of "making a living." There are several other words in the Gospels translated as "life" discussed in this article.
"Riotous" is from an adjective/adverb that means "having no hope of safety," "in a desperate case," "abandoned," "spendthrift," "profligate," and "bringing destruction on."
καὶ (conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "also." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even," "also," and "just." also."
μετ᾽ (prep) "After" is meta, which means "with," "in the midst of," "among," "between," "in common," "along with," "by the aid of," "in one's dealings with," "into the middle of," "coming into," "in pursuit of," "after," "behind," "according to," and "next afterward."
οὐ (partic) "Not" is ou which is the negative adverb for facts and statements, negating both single words and sentences. The other negative adverb, μή applies to will and thought; οὐ denies, μή rejects; οὐ is absolute, μή relative; οὐ objective, μή subjective.
πολλὰς (adj pl fem acc) "Many" is polys, which means "many (in number)," "great (in size or power or worth)," and "large (of space)." As an adverb, it means "far," "very much," "a great way," and "long."
ἡμέρας (noun pl fem acc) "Days" is hemera, which, as a noun, means "day" "a state or time of life," "a time (poetic)," "day break" and "day time." It is also and also has a second meaning, of "quiet," "tame (animals)," "cultivated (crops)," and "civilized (people)."
συναγαγὼν (part sg aor act masc nom) "Gathered..together" is synago, which means "bring together," "gather together," "pit [two warriors against each other]," "join in one," "unite," "make friends of," "lead with one," "receive," "reconcile," "draw together," "narrow," "contract," "conclude [from premises]," " infer," and "prove."
πάντα (adj pl neut acc) "All" is pas, which means "all," "the whole," "every," "anyone," "all kinds," and "anything." In the adverbial form, it means "every way," "on every side," "in every way," and "altogether." --
ὁ νεώτερος (adj sg masc nom comp) "The younger" is neos, which means "young," "youthful," "suited to a youth," "new," "fresh,." and as an adverb of time, "lately," "just now," "anew," and "afresh," --
υἱὸς (noun sg masc nom) "Son" is huios, which means a "son," and more generally, a "child." It is used generally to refer to any male descendant.
ἀπεδήμησεν [uncommon](verb 3rd sg aor ind act) "Took his journey" is from apodemeo, which means "to be far from home," "to be abroad," "to be on one's travels," and "to go abroad."
εἰς (prep) "Into" is eis, which means "into (of place)," "up to (of time)," "until (of time)," "as much as (of measure or limit)," "as far as (of measure or limit)," "towards (to express relation)," "in regard to (to express relation)," "of an end or limit," and "for (of purpose or object)."
χώραν [uncommon](noun sg fem acc) "Country" is from chora, which means "space," "the spot in a room where a thing is," "place," "spot," "the position," "the proper place for a thing or person," "land," and "landed estate." It is a metaphor for "station," "place" or "position," in society.
μακράν, [uncommon](noun sg fem acc ) "Far" is from markos, which means in length, "long," in height, "tall," "high," "deep," in distance, "long," "far," "remote," generally, "large in size or degree," "great," of Time, "long," and "tedious." As a noun, it means "length." As an adverb, "lengthy."
καὶ (conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "also." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even," "also," and "just." --
ἐκεῖ (adv) "There" is ekei, which means "there," "in that place," and in philosophy means "the intelligible world." -- "Yonder place" is a word meaning "there," "in that place," and in philosophy means "the intelligible world."
διεσκόρπισεν [6 verses] (verb 2nd sg aor ind act) "Wasted " is from diaskorpizo, which means literally, to "scatter among" or "disperse among," and "to scatter abroad." In the passive, it means "to squander," "to confound," and "to winnow."
τὴν οὐσίαν [uncommon](noun sg fem gen) "Substance" is ousia, which means "that which is one's own," "one's substance," "property," "substance," "essence," "true nature," "substantiality," and in Magic, "a material thing by which a connection is established between the person to be acted upon and the supernatural agent,"
αὐτοῦ (adj sg masc gen) "His" is autos, which means "the same," and the reflexive pronouns, "myself," "yourself," "himself," "herself," "itself," or the oblique case of the pronouns, "him," "her," and "it." It also means "one's true self," that is, "the soul" as opposed to the body and "of one's own accord." In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there." --
ζῶν (part sg pres act neut acc) "Living" is zao, which means "to live," "the living," and "to be alive." It is a metaphor for "to be full of life," "to be strong," and "to be fresh."
ἀσώτως.[unique[(adv/adj pl fem acc) "Riotous" is from asotos, which is an adjective/adverb that means "having no hope of safety," "in a desperate case," "abandoned," "spendthrift," "profligate," and "bringing destruction on."