I -- This is from the first-person, singular form of the verb.

praise - (WW)  The Greek word translated as "praise " really means "to confess," "to admit," and "to acknowledge." It is in the form where the subject is either being acted upon or acts on himself. The nature of the verb. meaning "admit" seems to indicate that Jesus is confessing himself to God here, acknowledging something about himself.

missing "myself"-- (WV) A phrase is necessary because the form of the previous verb is a middle voice, which means that the subject is to  act  "on myself," "for myself" or "by myself."

you, -- The word for "you" is the indirect object form of the singular, second-person pronoun. 

O -- (IW) There is nothing that can be translated as "it" in the Greek source. It is added perhaps to clarify that the following word is addressed to the Father.

Father, -- "Father" is the Greek noun that means "father" or any male ancestor so "forefathers." It is the word that Christ uses to address his own Father. 

Lord  - The word translated as "lord" means "lord," "master of the house," and "head of the family."

of -- This word "of"  comes from the genitive case of the following word that requires the addition of a preposition in English.  The most common is the "of" of possession.

missing "the"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more. 

heaven  - The word translated as "heaven" means sky, the climate, and the universe. It also meant the home of the gods in a physical sense: the sun, moon, and planets were named for the gods.

and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").

missing "the"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more. 

earth,  - The word translated as "earth" means the physical planet, not society, which Christ describes as the world. See this article for more on these words. There is an article ("the") before this word "the earth," but there was no article before the word for "heaven." This changes the sense of the word. See this article on how the Greek articles differ from ours. 

because -- The word translated as "that" introduces a statement of fact or cause, "for what," "because," "since," and "wherefore."

you - -- This is from the second-person, singular form of the verb.

have -- (WT) This helping verb "have " indicates that the verb is the tense indicating an action completed in the past. This is not the tense of the verb here.

hid  -  "Thou hast hid" is a Greek word that means "to hide from," "to conceal from," and "to keep hidden from." It also means, interestingly, "to lose from sight." The tense is at a point of time in the past, present, or future.

these  -- The "these" is a pronoun that can mean "this" or "that," the nearer or the further depending on usage. As an adverb it can mean "therefore" and "that is why." It is not typically used as an adjective.

things -- This is from the neuter, plural form of the previous adjective, "these."

from -- The word translated as "from" means "from" in both locations and when referring to a source or a cause. It also means the instrument "by" which a thing is done and "away from."

the -- There is no Greek article "the" here in the source, but the noun is plural and in English an article is used before plural nouns in phrases like this.

wise  - "Wise" is a Greek adjective that refers to those with experience and common sense. It has no article ("the") in front of it in the Greek. This seems ot be a continuation of the mention of wisdom in Matthew 11:19  beng justified by its actions. This is the adjective form, not the noun, which Jesus only uses three times.

and  - -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").

learned,  - "Learned" is a word that refers more to learning and natural intelligence. Jesus only uses this adjective four times.

and - -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").

hast -- (WT) This helping verb "have " indicates that the verb is the tense indicating an action completed in the past. This is not the tense of the verb here.

revealed  - "Revealed" is a negative form of the word used earlier meaning "to cover" and "to hide "with an "away from." This reverses its meaning, so it means to uncover or reveal and, in the passive, "to become known."

them  - The word translated as "them" is the Greek word commonly translated as pronouns in English, but it has a few shades of meaning our pronouns do not have.

to -- This word "to" comes from the dative case of the following word that requires the addition of a preposition in English. The most common is a "to" for the English indirect object. However, the translator can chose other prepositions: "with,"  "in,"   "of,"  "as," "by," "for," "at," or "on" depending on the context.

little children. -- (CW) "Babes" is a noun that means "baby" or "infant" and, as an adjective that, when referring to understanding, means "childish" and "silly." It is clearly a self-deprecating word. Jesus only uses this word three times as well. This word is confusing because there is another word in Greek that means "little children" that Jesus uses more often. See this article.