missing "and"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis ("also"). In a series, it is can be translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as."

As - (WW) The word translated as "as" actually means in," "on," "within," "during," "with," or "among."

he  - (WF)  The word translated as "he" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English.  The form is an object, but the infinitive form of a verb (see following word) takes an accusative subject. In English, we would say "his sowing" or "that sowing of his."

missing "the"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more.

was -- (WF) This helping verb indicates the tense of the verb., but this makes the form active.

scattering ,  The Greek verb translated as "sowed" means specifically to "sow seeds" and "to scatter" as in sowing seeds. However, the form is not an active verb. It is an infinitive, preceded by an article. In Greek, this  making the verb into a noun describing its action,like an article with the gerund in English, "the sowing" or "the seeding." The phrase is "during the sowing," which is translated as "during that seeding of his." However, this form is important here because all the following verbs refer to this verbal noun, not the "seeds," a word that doesn't appear. 

the seed -- This phrase does not exist in the Greek, but it is implied by the verb, which has the same root as the Greek word "seed."

some  - The word translated as "some" is a demonstrative pronoun, but it often acts as a pronoun, especially a connective pronoun introducing a dependent clause. Here, it is plural, which doesn't match any previous nouns.  This is different than the Mark 4:4 version, which uses the singular, referring to the "sowing." The form here is neuter plural, but the plural, again, doesn't refer to any noun. The neuter form is the same as the Greek word for "seeds" though the actual Greek word is not used.

missing "certainly"  -- (MW) The untranslated word  appears in the text that is generally used to express certainty and means "indeed," "certainly," "surely," and "truly."

fell -- "Fell" is translated from a Greek word that means "to fall" and "to fall down." It is the root word for dozens of Greek terms involving moving from a higher state to a lower one. Like our word "to fall" it has a number of special meanings including "to fall into a given class," "to prostrate," "to fall from power," "to perish," and so on. This verb is singular, "it fell," but plural neuter subjects ("some") can take a singular verb. The tense indicates it happening at a specific time in the past, present, or future. This is the common tense for a story.

along - With the accusative, as it uses here,  its has a number of specialized meanings and here "along" seems to work best because most of the other meanings imply near or beside, which wouldn't mean "on."

the  - This is the standard Greek definitive article.

path,  - "Path" is from a word meaning "way" or "the road" but which is used symbolically to mean "a way of doing things" or "a philosophy of life." In Acts, followers of Jesus are described as those "belonging to the way." This is where the double meaning of the previous preposition comes in. The phrase means "along the path" but it has a philosophical sense of "on the way to the proper way of thinking."

and  - The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").

the  - This is the standard Greek definitive article. Since the following word is an adjective, the sense is "the winged ones."

birds - (CW) This adjective means "winged." The sense with the previous article is "the winged ones."  Jesus always uses this word for bird, but it is conscious choice here not to use the Greek word for bird or its diminutive, both of which are common.  All the English scientific words referring to birds coming from common Greek forms not this unusual one.

came  -  (WF) The word translated as "came" primarily means "to start out" but Jesus usually uses it to mean "come" but not always.  Our English word "show up" captures both the "start" and "come" ideas.  This verb is not an active verb, but an adjective, "showing up." It is in the plural, matching "birds," but it would be singular if it was actually an active verb. Here, it is an adjective.

and    - (IW) There is no Greek word for "and" in the original text. It is added because the previous verb form is wrong.

ate --  "Ate" is from a verb that means "to eat up" and "to devour." This verb doesn't match the plural form of the noun, "birds.  It is a term applied to animals of prey. It also means "to corrode" or "to be gnawed."  This verb to is singular but the "winged ones" is neuter, plural so it the typical.

them  -  The word translated as "them" is the Greek word commonly translated as pronouns in English, but it has a few shades of meaning our pronouns do not have. It is plural and its neuter form is the same as the Greek word for "seeds" though the actual Greek word is not used.

up  - -- This is from the prefix that means "down" of the previous verb. We say "eat up," but the Greek says "eat down."