Do -- This helping verb is used to create questions, commands, negative statements, and smooth word flow in English, but the Greek could be either a question or a statement.

ye -- This is from the second-person, plural form of the verb.

not  - The Greek word translated as "not" is the Greek negative used to deny objective facts, not opinions. It makes a negative statement of fact.

yet -- (IW) There is nothing that can be translated as "yet" in the Greek source.

understand, - (CW) The Greek word translated as "understand" means specifically "to perceive with the eyes," but later came to mean perceiving with the mind. However, it has a specific meaning pertaining to the meaning of words, which is the focus here. Of words, it means to "bear a certain sense," and "to mean. This is a rare word for Christ to use but it is perfect because it connects "sight" of the "blind guides" (Matthew 15:14) with the meaning of words. This is the common word for " This is the root word for the keyword in Jesus's teaching that gets translated as "repent" but which actually means "change your mind."  This is not the common word translated as "understand" nor the one used in Matthew 15:11.

that -- The word translated as "that" introduces a statement of fact or cause, "for what," "because," "since," and "wherefore."

whatever  - (WW) The word translated as "whatsoever" is an adjective meaning "all," "the whole," "every," and similar ideas. It is an adjective that modifies the word translated as "entereth into," which here is a noun so "everything entering into." This is not the word that means "whatever" in Greek.

missing "the"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, "the." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more. 

entereth  - (WF) "Entereth " is from a verb that specifically means "to lead or bring into," and which is usually translated as "enter." However, here it is in the form of an adjective used as a noun. It is also either passive or a middle voice  where the subject acts on itself, so "the one bringing itself into." Here, the "thing" is the meaning of words, not just the eating of forbidden foods.

into -- The word translated as "unto" means "into" a place, "towards" as a direction, "in regards to" a subject, and "up to" limits in time and measure.

the   -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more. 

mouth - "Mouth" is from the Greek word that means "mouth ""an opening," and "the foremost part" of something. For example, the blade of a weapon.It is much the organ of speech, eating, or simply any inlet or outlet.

goeth  - (WW) "Goeth" is from a Greek verb that has three meanings 1) having the capacity for something, 2) making progress, and 3) making way or room for someone or something else. "Receive" is from a Greek verb that has three meanings 1) having the capacity for something, 2) making progress, and 3) making way or room for someone or something else. It is only used four times. Here, in the next verse, in Matthew 15:17, where it refers to food in the belly, and John 8:37, where it also refers to something sitting within you. So the negative sense is similar to how we say, you can't "stomach" or "digest" something. Or it "doesn't sit well." So it has a humorous feeling.  This is not one of the common words translated as "go."

into -- The word translated as "unto" means "into" a place, "towards" as a direction, "in regards to" a subject, and "up to" limits in time and measure.

the   -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more. 

belly,  - The word translated as "belly," means "intestinal cavity" (from the Greek word for "hallow") and means the belly, the intestines, and the womb. The word is also used to mean "excrement," which fills the hollow. However, "the belly" was also symbolically the home of the more animal desires, those for food, drink, and sex.

and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis ("also"). In a series, it can be translated as "not only...but also.

is -- This helping verb "is" indicates that the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.

cast  - "Cast out" is from a verb that means to "throw out." Depending on the context, it can mean "toss out," "turn out," or "take out." It is usually translated as "cast out" in the NT.

out -- This is from the prefix of the previous verb that means "out."

into -- The word translated as "unto" means "into" a place, "towards" as a direction, "in regards to" a subject, and "up to" limits in time and measure.

the -- (IW) There is  nothing in the Greek that can be translated as "the" in the Greek source.

draught?  -- The word translated as "draught" which means "toilet" or "privy. It is a word that only appears in the NT here to describe a place for dumping human waste. A lot of Bible translations skip this word because...