And " -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").

said - The word translated as "said" means "to say" and "to speak." It is one of the two most common words translated "speak," "say" and "tell," but it has more a sense of addressing and proclaiming.

unto -- This word "to" comes from the dative case of the following word that requires the addition of a preposition in English. The most common is a "to" for the English indirect object.

them; -- (CW) The word translated as "them" is an adjective that highlights its noun as being in a specific place or time from a word that means "there."  It is not the common third-person plural pronoun.

Go  - "Go" is from a Greek verbal command that means literally "go under" or "bring under," but Christ usually uses it to mean "go away" and "depart."

ye -- The pronoun "ye" is used explicitly as the subject of the sentence. Since it is already part of the verb, its use here creates emphasis on the "you" as we might say "you yourselves." It is plural. However, since the verb is a command and commands in English often don't need a subject, this does the job.

also " -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").

into -- The word translated as "unto" means "into" a place, "towards" as a direction, "in regards to" a subject, and "up to" limits in time and measure.

the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more. 

vineyard, -- The Greek word for "vineyard" only means "vineyard.

and " -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").

what- --  The "what" is a demonstrative pronoun usually translated as "this," "that," or "what."

-soever -- The "-soever" is Greek word meaning "when" indicates more of an expectation of something happening than "if" alone. This is often how we use the word "when."

is -- The verb "is" here is the common form of "to be" in Greek. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. It also equates terms or assigns characteristics. 

right  - "Right" is from an adjective that means "observant of custom," "civilized," "righteous," "well-balanced," "lawful," "fitting," and "normal." It is usually translated as "righteous" or "just" in the New Testament, but the standard is doing what is expected and fair.

I  - -- This is from the first-person, singular form of the verb.

will -- This helping verb "will" indicates that the verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.

give -- The verb translated as "given" means "to give," "to grant," "to hand over," "appoint," "establish," and "to describe." It is almost always translated as some form of "give."

you.  - The "you" here is from the plural, dative, second-person pronoun.

(OS) The words below do not appear in today's source in this verb, but in the next.

And " -- (WW) -- The Greek word translated as "and" means "but," "however," and "on the other hand." It joins phrases in an adversarial way. Since it always falls in the second position, translating it as "however" often captures its feeling better.  It can also be an explanation of cause ("so").

they - The word translated as "they" is a demonstrative pronoun so "those" or "these." Because the "they" is part of the verb, a pronoun is used for emphasis, "these particular ones."

missing "themselves" -- (MW)  The subjective pronoun repeats the information in the verb so it should be repeated in English like "they themselves."

went  - (CW) The word for "went" is the same base word as "he went out" but with a different prefix. It is used by Jesus to mean "departed" or "go away." The prefix means "away from>.

their way. -- (IP) There is nothing that can be translated as "their way" in the Greek source.