John 13:32 If God be glorified in him, God shall also glorify him in himself, and shall straightway glorify him
John 13:32 If God is glorified in him, God will glorify the Son in himself, and will glorify him at once.
As the Divine is recognized in him, also should the Divine recognize him within him, and right away he should recognize him.
The divine is recognized within and without.
This verse is a good example of how Jesus can intentionally make his words complicated to force us to think about what he might mean. The translators simplify it, which eliminates all the fun and thought. This is funny because the verb translated as "glorify" primarily means "to think" and "to imagine." Jesus seems to use it to mean "recognize."
The main complication here is the repeated use of the vague pronoun "him," which can refer to either God or Jesus. The translators change the second "in him" to "in himself" to indicate which "him" they think refers to the Divine and which to Jesus. The NIV even changes one of the occurrences of "him" to "the Son" to eliminate all doubt.
However, Jesus intentionally uses this pronoun to make his meaning more ambiguous as the verse continues. The verbs he uses are also confusing. The first "glorify" is passive, but the other two are in a form where the action could be something that "might" or "should" happen (subjunctive mood) or "will happen" (future tense). Jesus even makes fun of his doublespeak in the last clause by using the adverb translated as "straightaway" and "at once."This verse is anything but straightforward.
- OS -- Outdated Source -- The Greek word translated as "if" existed in the KJV Greek source but not the source we use today.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "God" is not shown in the English translation.
- CW - Confusing Word -- The word translated as "glorify" is more like "recognize."
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "God" is not shown in the English translation.
- CW - Confusing Word -- The "himself" is not the common word usually translated as "himself."
- OS -- Outdated Source -- The Greek word translated as "if" existed in the NIV Greek source but not the source we use today.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "God" is not shown in the English translation.
- CW - Confusing Word -- The word translated as "glorify" is more like "recognize."
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "also" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "God" is not shown in the English translation.
- IP - Inserted Phrase-- The phrase "the son" doesn't exist in the source.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "him" is not shown in the English translation.
- CW - Confusing Word -- The "himself" is not the common word usually translated as "himself."
If -- (OS) There is nothing in the Greek that can be translated as "also" in the source we use today but it does exist in the source that the KJV translators used. However, an "if" would require a verb in the form of possibility, something that "might" happen (the subjunctive), and this first verb "glorified" is not in that form. The source I use has the Greek word conjunction "and," here but this word also is used to add emphasis ("also"). After words implying sameness, it is translated as "as," which works surprisingly well here.
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article,"the," which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more.
God -- The word translated as "God" means "God" and "deity." It is introduced with an article, so "the God," "the Divine" or "the divine one." Jesus often uses it this way perhaps to indicate the one God as opposed to the pagan gods.
be -- This helping verb "be" indicates that the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
glorified -- (CW) The Greek term translated as "glorify" is a word that primarily means "to imagine" and "to expect." It also means "to honor" in a sense. However, the word that it comes closest to in English is "to recognize" since that word captures both the mental "expectation" and "praising" sense of the word. The verb form also has the sense of spreading someone's good reputation, so "publicized and "proclaimed" also work. More about this word in this article.
in -- The word translated as "in" means "in," "within," "with" (an instrument), "during" (time), or "among" with a dative object as the one here."
him. -- The word translated as "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. As the object of a preposition, this word case implies no movement, but in a fixed position or events occur at a specified time or while the action was being performed.
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article,"the," which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more.
God -- The word translated as "God" means "God" and "deity." It is introduced with an article, so "the God," "the Divine" or "the divine one." Jesus often uses it this way perhaps to indicate the one God as opposed to the pagan gods.
shall -- This helping verb "shall" indicates that the verb is the future tense or a form that indicates possibility at some time. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
also -- The Greek word translated as "also" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis ("also"). In a series, it is can be translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as."
glorify-- The Greek term translated as "glorify" is a word that primarily means "to imagine" and "to expect." It also means "to honor" in a sense. However, the word that it comes closest to in English is "to recognize" since that word captures both the mental "expectation" and "praising" sense of the word. The verb form also has the sense of spreading someone's good reputation, so "publicized and "proclaimed" also work. More about this word in this article.
him -- The word translated as "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English.
in -- The word translated as "in" means "in," "within," "with" (an instrument), "during" (time), or "among" with a dative object as the one here."
himself, -- (CW) The word translated as "himself" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. As the object of a preposition, this word case implies no movement, but in a fixed position or events occur at a specified time or while the action was being performed. This is not the normal reflexive pronoun translated as "himself." This it the same preposition phrase transated as "in him" above.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis ("also"). In a series, it is can be translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as."
shall -- This helping verb "shall" indicates that the verb is the future tense or a form that indicates possibility at some time. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
straightway "Straightway" is from an adverb; it means "straight", "simple", "straightway," forthwith", "immediately", "directly," and "at once."
glorify-- The Greek term translated as "glorify" is a word that primarily means "to imagine" and "to expect." It also means "to honor" in a sense. However, the word that it comes closest to in English is "to recognize" since that word captures both the mental "expectation" and "praising" sense of the word. The verb form also has the sense of spreading someone's good reputation, so "publicized and "proclaimed" also work. More about this word in this article.
him -- The word translated as "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English.
If -- (OS) There is nothing in the Greek that can be translated as "also" in the source we use today but it does exist in the source that the KJV translators used. However, an "if" would require a verb in the form of possibility, something that "might" happen (the subjunctive), and this first verb "glorified" is not in that form. The source I use has the Greek word conjunction "and," here but this word also is used to add emphasis ("also"). After words implying sameness, it is translated as "as," which works surprisingly well here.
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article,"the," which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more.
God -- The word translated as "God" means "God" and "deity." It is introduced with an article, so "the God," "the Divine" or "the divine one." Jesus often uses it this way perhaps to indicate the one God as opposed to the pagan gods.
is -- This helping verb "be" indicates that the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
glorified -- (CW) The Greek term translated as "glorify" is a word that primarily means "to imagine" and "to expect." It also means "to honor" in a sense. However, the word that it comes closest to in English is "to recognize" since that word captures both the mental "expectation" and "praising" sense of the word. The verb form also has the sense of spreading someone's good reputation, so "publicized and "proclaimed" also work. More about this word in this article.
in -- The word translated as "in" means "in," "within," "with" (an instrument), "during" (time), or "among" with a dative object as the one here."
him. -- The word translated as "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. As the object of a preposition, this word case implies no movement, but in a fixed position or events occur at a specified time or while the action was being performed.
missing "also" -- (MW) The untranslated word"also" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis ("also"). In a series, it is can be translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as."
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article,"the," which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more.
God -- The word translated as "God" means "God" and "deity." It is introduced with an article, so "the God," "the Divine" or "the divine one." Jesus often uses it this way perhaps to indicate the one God as opposed to the pagan gods.
will -- This helping verb "will" indicates that the verb is the future tense or a form that indicates possibility at some time. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
glorify-- The Greek term translated as "glorify" is a word that primarily means "to imagine" and "to expect." It also means "to honor" in a sense. However, the word that it comes closest to in English is "to recognize" since that word captures both the mental "expectation" and "praising" sense of the word. The verb form also has the sense of spreading someone's good reputation, so "publicized and "proclaimed" also work. More about this word in this article.
the Son -- (IP) There is nothing that can be translated as "the son" in the Greek source.
missing "him" -- (MW) The untranslated word "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English.
in -- The word translated as "in" means "in," "within," "with" (an instrument), "during" (time), or "among" with a dative object as the one here."
himself, -- (CW) The word translated as "himself" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. As the object of a preposition, this word case implies no movement, but in a fixed position or events occur at a specified time or while the action was being performed. This is not the normal reflexive pronoun translated as "himself." This it the same preposition phrase transated as "in him" above.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis ("also"). In a series, it is can be translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as."
will -- This helping verb "will" indicates that the verb is the future tense or a form that indicates possibility at some time. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
glorify-- The Greek term translated as "glorify" is a word that primarily means "to imagine" and "to expect." It also means "to honor" in a sense. However, the word that it comes closest to in English is "to recognize" since that word captures both the mental "expectation" and "praising" sense of the word. The verb form also has the sense of spreading someone's good reputation, so "publicized and "proclaimed" also work. More about this word in this article.
him -- The word translated as "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English.
at once. - "At once" is from an adverb; it means "straight", "simple", "straightway," forthwith", "immediately", "directly," and "at once."
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "also." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
ὁ [821 verses](article sg masc nom) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). -
θεὸς [144 verses](noun sg masc nom) "God" is theos, which means "God," "divine," and "Deity."
ἐδοξάσθη [18 verses](3rd sg aor ind pass) "Is glorified" i is doxazo, which primarily means "to think", "to expect", "to imagine," or "to suppose." Secondarily, it means "to magnify" or "to extol," which is where we get the "glorify" used most often in NT translation. The English term "to recognize" carries the same sense of both seeing a person in the mind and honoring them.
ἐν [413 verses](prep) "In" is en, which means, with a dative object, "in," "on," "at," "by," "among," "within," "surrounded by," "in one's hands," "in one's power," "during," and "with." With the accusative, it means "into," "on," and "for." Referring to time, it means. "in the course of" or "during."
αὐτῷ: [720 verses] (adj sg masc dat) "Him" is autos, which means "the same," and the reflexive pronouns, "myself," "yourself," "himself," "herself," "itself," or the oblique case of the pronouns, "him," "her," and "it." In the plural, "they," "them," and "their." It also means "one's true self," that is, "the soul" as opposed to the body and "of one's own accord." In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there."
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "also." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
ὁ [821 verses](article sg masc nom) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). - missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article,"the," which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more.
θεὸς [144 verses](noun sg masc nom) "God" is theos, which means "God," "divine," and "Deity." -- The word translated as "God" means "God" and "deity." It is introduced with an article, so "the God," "the Divine" or "the divine one." Jesus often uses it this way perhaps to indicate the one God as opposed to the pagan gods.
δοξάσει [18 verses](verb 3rd sg aor subj act or verb 3rd sg fut ind act) "Glorify" is doxazo, which primarily means "to think", "to expect", "to imagine," or "to suppose." Secondarily, it means "to magnify" or "to extol," which is where we get the "glorify" used most often in NT translation. The English term "to recognize" carries the same sense of both seeing a person in the mind and honoring them.
αὐτὸν [720 verses](adj sg masc acc) "Him" is autos, which means "the same," and the reflexive pronouns, "myself," "yourself," "himself," "herself," "itself," or the oblique case of the pronouns, "him," "her," and "it." In the plural, "they," "them," and "their." It also means "one's true self," that is, "the soul" as opposed to the body and "of one's own accord." In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there."
ἐν [413 verses](prep) "In" is en, which means, with a dative object, "in," "on," "at," "by," "among," "within," "surrounded by," "in one's hands," "in one's power," "during," and "with." With the accusative, it means "into," "on," and "for." Referring to time, it means. "in the course of" or "during."
αὐτῷ: [720 verses] (adj sg masc dat) "Him" is autos, which means "the same," and the reflexive pronouns, "myself," "yourself," "himself," "herself," "itself," or the oblique case of the pronouns, "him," "her," and "it." In the plural, "they," "them," and "their." It also means "one's true self," that is, "the soul" as opposed to the body and "of one's own accord." In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there."
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "also." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even," "also," and "just." -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis ("also"). In a series, it is can be translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as."
εὐθὺς [5 verses](adv) Straightway" is from euthys, which means "straight", "direct", "straightforward," and "frank." As an adverb, it means "straight", "simple", "straightway," forthwith", "immediately", "directly," and "at once."
δοξάσει [18 verses](verb 3rd sg aor subj act or verb 3rd sg fut ind act) "Glorify" i is doxazo, which primarily means "to think", "to expect", "to imagine," or "to suppose." Secondarily, it means "to magnify" or "to extol," which is where we get the "glorify" used most often in NT the translation. The English term "to recognize" carries the same sense of both seeing a person in the mind and honoring them. -- The Greek term translated as "glorify" is a word that primarily means "to imagine" and "to expect." It also means "to honor" in a sense. However, the word that it comes closest to in English is "to recognize" since that word captures both the mental "expectation" and "praising" sense of the word. The verb form also has the sense of spreading someone's good reputation, so "publicized and "proclaimed" also work. More about this word in this article.
αὐτὸν [720 verses](adj sg masc acc) "Him" is autos, which means "the same," and the reflexive pronouns, "myself," "yourself," "himself," "herself," "itself," or the oblique case of the pronouns, "him," "her," and "it." In the plural, "they," "them," and "their." It also means "one's true self," that is, "the soul" as opposed to the body and "of one's own accord." In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there." -- The word translated as "his" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. The word means "the same" when used as an adjective. In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there." This pronoun follows the noun so "of his."
The words, καὶ (and), doxazo (think), and autos (him) are dance around each other in this phrase to bring out their various shades of meaning.
Not particularly how the meaning of "and" changes when used with the idea of sameness (auto) and how its meaning changes when used in a series like this.
As discussed in the previous verse, the use of doxazo is itself a play on different meanings in itself. Another way to understand the concept of doxazo is to think of the different ways we used the term "repute." In the sentence, "He is reputed to be (fill in the adjective)." we can easily replace the word "reputed" with "thought," "imagined", or "supposed." In Greek, the word is often translated with ideas of forming or holding an opinion of someone's reputation. We can also use the word's secondary meaning, replacing "reputed" in this sentence with "magnified" or "extolled." The idea is praising or honoring someone but the idea of this being an opinion is still there.
The question is: what does it mean when God holds an opinion? God's opinion is truth, nothing more or less. However, we humans are limited in what we can perceive of the truth. While his followers believed in him and God was going to make him the center of human history, Christ knew that the world held a different opinion. That will be the subject of much of what Christ says following this.
The word translated as "straightway" also has two meanings. It can mean something that is happening right away in time or it can mean something that is happening in a simple manner that anyone can understand.