Jesus being introduced to Peter by Andrew
John 1:42 Thou art Simon the son of Jona: thou shalt be called Cephas,
John 1:42 You are Simon son of John. You will be called Cephas
You yourself are Simon, the son of Jona. You yourself will be called Cephas.
Nicknames are fun and necessary when many people have the same first name.
The KJV tries to reconcile this verse, which says Peter was the son of John with Matthew 16:17 which says he is the son of Jonah. The Greek word here is usually translated as "John."
- MW -- Missing Word -- The pronoun repeats the information in the verb so it should be repeated in English like "you yourself."
- WW - Wrong Word -- The word translated as "Jona" should be something more like "John."
- MW -- Missing Word -- The pronoun repeats the information in the verb so it should be repeated in English like "you yourself."
- MW -- Missing Word -- The pronoun repeats the information in the verb so it should be repeated in English like "you yourself."
- MW -- Missing Word -- The pronoun repeats the information in the verb so it should be repeated in English like "you yourself."
Thou -- This is from the second-person, singular form of the verb.
missing "yourself" -- (MW) The subjective pronoun repeats the information in the verb so it should be repeated in English like "you yourself."
art - The verb "art" here is the common form of "to be" in Greek. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. It also equates terms or assigns characteristics
Simon -- "Simon" is assumed to be a Hebrew name. Strangely enough, the word also has a meaning in Greek, it is a verb that means "turning up a nose" and this form could also be the noun, "flat nose" or adjective, "snub-nosed." It also means, interestingly, "a confederate in evil." The name only appears in the New Testament, where twelve different people have this name.
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
son . -- The word translated as "son" more generally means "child" or "children." It can refer to all offspring in later generations, just like "father" refers to all previous generations.
of -- This word "of" comes from the genitive case of the following word that requires the addition of a preposition in English. The most common is the "of" of possession.
Jona: (WW) "Jona" is the Greek word translated as the English proper name, "John" but it is changed to "Jona" because in Matthew Jesus refers to Simon as the sone of Jona.
thou -- This is from the second-person, singular form of the verb.
missing "yourself" -- (MW) The subjective pronoun repeats the information in the verb so it should be repeated in English like "you yourself."
shalt -- This helping verb "shalt" indicates that the verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
be -- This helping verb "be" indicates that the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
called -- The term translated as "called" is like our word "call" because it means both "to summon" and also "to name," but it does not as clearly mean "to address."
Cephas, - This is the Aramaic word for "rock" or "stone." Note how it is translated by the Bible writer. If all of Jesus's words were Aramaic, there is no reason to pick out this one for not translating. The Gospel writer is indicated that Jesus said everything else in Greek, but used this Aramaic word. See this article.
You are Simon son of . You will be called Cephas
You -- This is from the second-person, singular form of the verb.
missing "yourself" -- (MW) The subjective pronoun repeats the information in the verb so it should be repeated in English like "you yourself."
are - The verb "are" here is the common form of "to be" in Greek. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. It also equates terms or assigns characteristics
Simon -- "Simon" is assumed to be a Hebrew name. Strangely enough, the word also has a meaning in Greek, it is a verb that means "turning up a nose" and this form could also be the noun, "flat nose" or adjective, "snub-nosed." It also means, interestingly, "a confederate in evil." The name only appears in the New Testament, where twelve different people have this name.
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
son . -- The word translated as "son" more generally means "child" or "children." It can refer to all offspring in later generations, just like "father" refers to all previous generations.
of -- This word "of" comes from the genitive case of the following word that requires the addition of a preposition in English. The most common is the "of" of possession.
John: "John" is the Greek word translated as the English proper name, "John."
you -- This is from the second-person, singular form of the verb.
missing "yourself" -- (MW) The subjective pronoun repeats the information in the verb so it should be repeated in English like "you yourself."
will -- This helping verb "will" indicates that the verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
be -- This helping verb "be" indicates that the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
called -- The term translated as "called" is like our word "call" because it means both "to summon" and also "to name," but it does not as clearly mean "to address."
Cephas, - This is the Aramaic word for "rock" or "stone." Note how it is translated by the Bible writer. If all of Jesus's words were Aramaic, there is no reason to pick out this one for not translating. The Gospel writer is indicated that Jesus said everything else in Greek, but used this Aramaic word. See this article.
Σὺ (pron 2nd sg nom) "Thou" is su which means "you" and "your."
εἶ (verb 2nd sg pres ind act) "Is" is eimi, which means "to be," "to exist," "to be the case," of circumstance and events "to happen," and "is possible."
Σίμων [6 verses](The Greek letters for the name Simon. In Greek, it means (noun sg masc nom/voc) "a confederate in evil," (part sg pres act masc nom/voc) "turning up a nose," ( adj pl masc gen) "snub-nosed," and ( noun pl masc gen) "flat-no (proper noun) [5 verses](The Greek letters for the name Simon. In Greek, it means (noun sg masc nom/voc) "a confederate in evil," (part sg pres act masc nom/voc) "turning up a nose," ( adj pl masc gen) "snub-nosed," and ( noun pl masc gen) "flat-no (proper noun)
ὁ (article sg masc nom) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the").
υἱὸς [158 verses](noun sg masc nom) "Son" is huios, which means a "son," and more generally, a "child." It is used generally to refer to any male descendant.
Ἰωάνου -- [8 verses](noun sg masc gen) "Jona" is from Ioannes, which is the Greek form of the name "John."
σὺ (pron 2nd sg nom) "Thou" is su which means "you" and "your."
κληθήσῃ [38 verses](verb 2nd sg fut ind pass) "Shall be called" is kaleo, which means "call," "summon," "invite," "invoke," "call by name," and "demand."
Κηφᾶς [1 verse](Aramaic word) "Cephas" means "rock" or "stone" in Aramaic.