A continuation of the discussion about why they should be vigilant.
Luke 12:53 The father shall be divided against the son, and the son against the father; the mother against the daughter, and the daughter against the mother; the mother in law against her daughter in law, and the daughter in law against her mother in law.
Luke 12:53 They will be divided, father against son and son against father, mother against daughter and daughter against mother, mother-in-law against daughter-in-law and daughter-in-law against mother-in-law.”
They shall be split apart: father against son and son against father; mother against daughter and daughter against the mother; mother-in-law against that daughter-in-law of hers, and daughter-in-law against that mother-in-law.
Mothers and daughters may not get along, but the battle is between mothers-in-law and their daughters-in-law.
διαμερισθήσονται πατὴρ ἐπὶ υἱῷ καὶ “υἱὸς ἐπὶ πατρί,” μήτηρ ἐπὶ θυγατέρα
They shall be split apart: father against son and son against father; mother against daughter
καὶ “θυγάτηρ ἐπὶ τὴν μητέρα,” πενθερὰ ἐπὶ τὴν νύμφην αὐτῆς
and daughter against the mother; mother-in-law against that daughter-in-law of hers,
καὶ “νύμφη ἐπὶ τὴν πενθεράν.”
and daughter-in-law against that mother-in-law.
The English translations mess up the word's oldest mother-in-law joke by messing up the definiite articles on which it depends. Jesus is describing the people in the previous verse, a father and the mother/mother-in-law, the first couple, a daughter, a son and the daughter-in-law, the second couple. There are not definite articles in the Greek except for a "the" before the second mother. They are saved for the ending about a mother-in-law against "that daughter-in-law of hers" and a daughter-in-law against "that mother-in-law." The final mother-in-law is the punchline.
This verse is a comical paraphrase of Micah 7:6.
The(IW) father shall be divided(CW,WN) against the(IW) fson, and the(IW) son against the(IW) father; the(IW) mother against the(IW) daughter, and the(IW) daughter against the mother; the(IW) mother in law against her (MWthe) daughter in law, and the(IW) daughter in law against her(WW) mother in law.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "the" before "father" doesn't exist in the source.
- CW --Confusing Word -- This is not the root word usually translated as "divided."
- WN --Wrong Number- The word "divided" is translated as singular verb but the Greek verb is plural.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "the" before "son" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "the" before "son" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "the" before "father" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "the" before "mother" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "the" before "daughter" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "the" before "daughter" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "the" before "mother-in-law" doesn't exist in the source.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "daughter-in-law" is not shown in the English translation.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "the" before "daughter-in-law" doesn't exist in the source.
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "her" should be something more like "the."
They will be divided(CW), father against son and son against father, mother against daughter and daughter against (MWthe) mother, mother-in-law against (MWthe) daughter-in-law (MWher) and daughter-in-law against (MWthe) mother-in-law.
- CW --Confusing Word -- This is not the root word usually translated as "divided.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "mother" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "daughter-in-law" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "of hers" after "daughter-in-law" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the/this" before "mother-in-law" is not shown in the English translation.
The -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
father -- "Father" is the Greek noun that means "father" or any male ancestor so "forefathers." It is the word that Christ uses to address his own Father.
shall -- This helping verb "shall" indicates the verb is in the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
be -- This helping verb "be" indicates that the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
divided -(CW, WN )"Divided" is a verb, in the form of an adjective which means "to divide," "to separate," and "to be divided." It is a more complex form word than the basic word meaning "divided." It has a prefix meaning "through" to "divided throughout." We would say "split." This is not the root word translated as "divided." This verb is not singular but plural.
against -- The word translated as "against" means "on," "over," "upon," "for," "against," "before," "after," "during," "by" "in the case of."
the -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
son, -- The word translated as "son" is the Greek word for "son," "scion," "heir," or "descendant." Like most male words, it can be used in the plural as a generic term for both sexes when they are descendants of someone. It can refer to all offspring in later generations, just like "father" refers to all previous generations. More about it in this article.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
the -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
son, -- The word translated as "son" is the Greek word for "son," "scion," "heir," or "descendant." Like most male words, it can be used in the plural as a generic term for both sexes when they are descendants of someone. It can refer to all offspring in later generations, just like "father" refers to all previous generations. More about it in this article.
against -- The word translated as "against" means "on," "over," "upon," "for," "against," "before," "after," "during," "by" "in the case of."
the -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source
father -- "Father" is the Greek noun that means "father" or any male ancestor so "forefathers." It is the word that Christ uses to address his own Father.
the -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
mother -- "Mother" is the common Greek word for "mother" and "grandmothers," but it also means "the source" of something.
against -- The word translated as "against" means "on," "over," "upon," "for," "against," "before," "after," "during," "by" "in the case of."
the -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
daughter, -- The word translated as "daughter" means any female descendant and was used to address female servants and slaves.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
the -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
daughter, -- The word translated as "daughter" means any female descendant and was used to address female servants and slaves.
against -- The word translated as "against" means "on," "over," "upon," "for," "against," "before," "after," "during," "by" "in the case of."
the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
mother -- "Mother" is the common Greek word for "mother" and "grandmothers," but it also means "the source" of something.
the -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
mother in law -The word "mother-in-law" means "mother-in-law" as the female form of the word for "father-in-law."
against -- The word translated as "against" means "on," "over," "upon," "for," "against," "before," "after," "during," "by" "in the case of."
her -- The word translated as "her" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. The word appears after the noun so the sense is "of hers."
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
daughter in law, Daughter-in-law" is from a word that means "young wife", "bride", "marriageable maiden", "daughter-in-law", "young girl," the goddess of springs, Nymph or goddess of lower rank, "doll", "puppet", "opening rosebud," and "clitoris."
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
the -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
daughter in law, Daughter-in-law" is from a word that means "young wife", "bride", "marriageable maiden", "daughter-in-law", "young girl," the goddess of springs, Nymph or goddess of lower rank, "doll", "puppet", "opening rosebud," and "clitoris."
against -- The word translated as "against" means "on," "over," "upon," "for," "against," "before," "after," "during," "by" "in the case of."
her -- (WW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more. This word doesn't mean "her."
mother in law -The word "mother-in-law" means "mother-in-law" as the female form of the word for "father-in-law."
They -- This is from the third-person, plural form of the verb.
will -- This helping verb "will" indicates the verb is in the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
be -- This helping verb "be" indicates that the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
divided -(CW)"Divided" is a verb, in the form of an adjective which means "to divide," "to separate," and "to be divided." It is a more complex form word than the basic word meaning "divided." It has a prefix meaning "through" to "divided throughout." We would say "split." This is not the root word translated as "divided."
father -- "Father" is the Greek noun that means "father" or any male ancestor so "forefathers." It is the word that Christ uses to address his own Father.
against -- The word translated as "against" means "on," "over," "upon," "for," "against," "before," "after," "during," "by" "in the case of."
son, -- The word translated as "son" is the Greek word for "son," "scion," "heir," or "descendant." Like most male words, it can be used in the plural as a generic term for both sexes when they are descendants of someone. It can refer to all offspring in later generations, just like "father" refers to all previous generations. More about it in this article.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
son, -- The word translated as "son" is the Greek word for "son," "scion," "heir," or "descendant." Like most male words, it can be used in the plural as a generic term for both sexes when they are descendants of someone. It can refer to all offspring in later generations, just like "father" refers to all previous generations. More about it in this article.
against -- The word translated as "against" means "on," "over," "upon," "for," "against," "before," "after," "during," "by" "in the case of."
father -- "Father" is the Greek noun that means "father" or any male ancestor so "forefathers." It is the word that Christ uses to address his own Father.
mother -- "Mother" is the common Greek word for "mother" and "grandmothers," but it also means "the source" of something.
against -- The word translated as "against" means "on," "over," "upon," "for," "against," "before," "after," "during," "by" "in the case of."
daughter, -- The word translated as "daughter" means any female descendant and was used to address female servants and slaves.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
daughter, -- The word translated as "daughter" means any female descendant and was used to address female servants and slaves.
against -- The word translated as "against" means "on," "over," "upon," "for," "against," "before," "after," "during," "by" "in the case of."
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
mother -- "Mother" is the common Greek word for "mother" and "grandmothers," but it also means "the source" of something.
mother in law -The word "mother-in-law" means "mother-in-law" as the female form of the word for "father-in-law."
against -- The word translated as "against" means "on," "over," "upon," "for," "against," "before," "after," "during," "by" "in the case of."
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
daughter in law, Daughter-in-law" is from a word that means "young wife", "bride", "marriageable maiden", "daughter-in-law", "young girl," the goddess of springs, Nymph or goddess of lower rank, "doll", "puppet", "opening rosebud," and "clitoris."
missing "of hers" -- (MW) The untranslated word "her" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. The word appears after the noun so the sense is "of hers."
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
daughter in law, Daughter-in-law" is from a word that means "young wife", "bride", "marriageable maiden", "daughter-in-law", "young girl," the goddess of springs, Nymph or goddess of lower rank, "doll", "puppet", "opening rosebud," and "clitoris."
against -- The word translated as "against" means "on," "over," "upon," "for," "against," "before," "after," "during," "by" "in the case of."
missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
mother in law -The word "mother-in-law" means "mother-in-law" as the female form of the word for "father-in-law."
διαμερισθήσονται[5 verses](verb 3rd pl fut ind pass) "Shall be divided" is from diamerizo, which means "divide," "distribute," "part," and "separate." The root merizo means "divided." The prefix means "through."-
πατὴρ [191 verses] (noun sg masc nom) "Father" is pater, which means "father," "grandfather," "author," "parent," and "forefathers."
ἐπὶ [138 verses](prep) "On" is from epi , which means "on," "upon," "at," "by," "before," "across," "for," and "against." With a noun in the possessive, genitive, it means "upon," "on" but not necessarily of Place, "by (of persons)," "deep (with numbers)," "in the presence of," "towards," "in the time of," and "over (referring to a person of authority)." With a noun indirect object, dative, it means of place: "upon," "on," or "over," of people: "against (in a hostile sense)," regarding a situation: "towards" or "in reference to," of an accumulation: "upon," "after," "addition to," and "besides," of position: "after," "behind," "in dependence upon," and "in the power of," of time: "by," and "after," and. in a causal sense: "of the occasion or cause," "for" a person, an end, or purpose," "on condition that," and "for" (a price). With the objective noun, an accusative, it means of place: "upon or on to a height," "up to," "as far as," "a little way," "a little," "towards," "to," in hostile sense: "against," of extension: "over," "over (a space)," of time: "for," "during," "up to" or "till," in a causal sense: "of (the object)," for (this purpose)," "as regards," "according to," and "by (this cause)." With verbs of perceiving, observing, and judging, it means "in the case of."
υἱῷ [158 verses](noun sg masc dat) "Son" is huios, which means a "son," and more generally to refer to any descendant, of any generation. It can refer to male sons or descendants of both sexes, but not purely female descendants. It can and often does refer to adults who are not "children."
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "also." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even," "also," and "just." In a series, it can be translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as."
“υἱὸς [158 verses](noun sg masc nom) "Son" is huios, which means a "son," and more generally to refer to any descendant, of any generation. It can refer to male sons or descendants of both sexes, but not purely female descendants. It can and often does refer to adults who are not "children."
ἐπὶ [138 verses](prep) "On" is from epi , which means "on," "upon," "at," "by," "before," "across," "for," and "against." With a noun in the possessive, genitive, it means "upon," "on" but not necessarily of Place, "by (of persons)," "deep (with numbers)," "in the presence of," "towards," "in the time of," and "over (referring to a person of authority)." With a noun indirect object, dative, it means of place: "upon," "on," or "over," of people: "against (in a hostile sense)," regarding a situation: "towards" or "in reference to," of an accumulation: "upon," "after," "addition to," and "besides," of position: "after," "behind," "in dependence upon," and "in the power of," of time: "by," and "after," and. in a causal sense: "of the occasion or cause," "for" a person, an end, or purpose," "on condition that," and "for" (a price). With the objective noun, an accusative, it means of place: "upon or on to a height," "up to," "as far as," "a little way," "a little," "towards," "to," in hostile sense: "against," of extension: "over," "over (a space)," of time: "for," "during," "up to" or "till," in a causal sense: "of (the object)," for (this purpose)," "as regards," "according to," and "by (this cause)." With verbs of perceiving, observing, and judging, it means "in the case of."
πατρί,” [191 verses] (noun sg masc dat) "Father" is pater, which means "father," "grandfather," "author," "parent," and "forefathers." -- "Father" is the Greek noun that means "father" or any male ancestor so "forefathers." It is the word that Christ uses to address his own Father.
μήτηρ [27 verses](noun sg fem nom) "Mother" is meter, which means "mother," "grandmother," "mother hen," "source," and "origin."
ἐπὶ [138 verses](prep) "On" is from epi , which means "on," "upon," "at," "by," "before," "across," "for," and "against." With a noun in the possessive, genitive, it means "upon," "on" but not necessarily of Place, "by (of persons)," "deep (with numbers)," "in the presence of," "towards," "in the time of," and "over (referring to a person of authority)." With a noun indirect object, dative, it means of place: "upon," "on," or "over," of people: "against (in a hostile sense)," regarding a situation: "towards" or "in reference to," of an accumulation: "upon," "after," "addition to," and "besides," of position: "after," "behind," "in dependence upon," and "in the power of," of time: "by," and "after," and. in a causal sense: "of the occasion or cause," "for" a person, an end, or purpose," "on condition that," and "for" (a price). With the objective noun, an accusative, it means of place: "upon or on to a height," "up to," "as far as," "a little way," "a little," "towards," "to," in hostile sense: "against," of extension: "over," "over (a space)," of time: "for," "during," "up to" or "till," in a causal sense: "of (the object)," for (this purpose)," "as regards," "according to," and "by (this cause)." With verbs of perceiving, observing, and judging, it means "in the case of."
θυγατέρα [9 verses](noun sg fem acc) "Daughter" is the Greek, thygater, which is generally a female descendant, "maidservant," "female slave," and "villages dependent on a city."
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "also." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even," "also," and "just." In a series, it can be translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as."
“θυγάτηρ [9 verses](noun sg fem nom) "Daughter" is the Greek, thygater, which is generally a female descendant, "maidservant," "female slave," and "villages dependent on a city."
ἐπὶ [138 verses](prep) "On" is from epi , which means "on," "upon," "at," "by," "before," "across," "for," and "against." With a noun in the possessive, genitive, it means "upon," "on" but not necessarily of Place, "by (of persons)," "deep (with numbers)," "in the presence of," "towards," "in the time of," and "over (referring to a person of authority)." With a noun indirect object, dative, it means of place: "upon," "on," or "over," of people: "against (in a hostile sense)," regarding a situation: "towards" or "in reference to," of an accumulation: "upon," "after," "addition to," and "besides," of position: "after," "behind," "in dependence upon," and "in the power of," of time: "by," and "after," and. in a causal sense: "of the occasion or cause," "for" a person, an end, or purpose," "on condition that," and "for" (a price). With the objective noun, an accusative, it means of place: "upon or on to a height," "up to," "as far as," "a little way," "a little," "towards," "to," in hostile sense: "against," of extension: "over," "over (a space)," of time: "for," "during," "up to" or "till," in a causal sense: "of (the object)," for (this purpose)," "as regards," "according to," and "by (this cause)." With verbs of perceiving, observing, and judging, it means "in the case of."
τὴν [821 verses](article sg fem acc) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones."
μητέρα,”[27 verses](noun sg fem acc) "Mother" is meter, which means "mother," "grandmother," "mother hen," "source," and "origin." -- "Mother" is the common Greek word for "mother" and "grandmothers," but it also means "the source" of something.
πενθερὰ [2 verses](noun sg fem nom) "Mother-in-law" is from penthera, which means "mother-in-law."
ἐπὶ [138 verses](prep) "On" is from epi , which means "on," "upon," "at," "by," "before," "across," "for," and "against." With a noun in the possessive, genitive, it means "upon," "on" but not necessarily of Place, "by (of persons)," "deep (with numbers)," "in the presence of," "towards," "in the time of," and "over (referring to a person of authority)." With a noun indirect object, dative, it means of place: "upon," "on," or "over," of people: "against (in a hostile sense)," regarding a situation: "towards" or "in reference to," of an accumulation: "upon," "after," "addition to," and "besides," of position: "after," "behind," "in dependence upon," and "in the power of," of time: "by," and "after," and. in a causal sense: "of the occasion or cause," "for" a person, an end, or purpose," "on condition that," and "for" (a price). With the objective noun, an accusative, it means of place: "upon or on to a height," "up to," "as far as," "a little way," "a little," "towards," "to," in hostile sense: "against," of extension: "over," "over (a space)," of time: "for," "during," "up to" or "till," in a causal sense: "of (the object)," for (this purpose)," "as regards," "according to," and "by (this cause)." With verbs of perceiving, observing, and judging, it means "in the case of."
τὴν [821 verses](article sg fem acc) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones."
νύμφην [1 verses](noun sg fem acc) "Daughter-in-law" is from nymphe, which means "young wife", "bride", "marriageable maiden", "daughter-in-law", "young girl," the goddess of springs, Nymph or goddess of lower rank, "doll", "puppet", "opening rosebud," and "clitoris."
αὐτῆς [29 verses](pro/adj sg fem gen) "Her" is autes, which means is the singular adjective used as the genitive pronoun, which is used as a possessive form or the object of prepositions and sometimes verbs. Though the form is feminine, it refers to feminine words, not people. When used as a noun, it is preceded by a definite article, and it means "the same."This form is often used as the object of a preposition. A genitive object means a movement away from something or a position away from something else. The time sense of a genitive object is that the event occurred within a specified time.
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "also." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even," "also," and "just." In a series, it can be translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as."
“νύμφη [1 verses](noun sg fem nom) "Daughter-in-law" is from nymphe, which means "young wife", "bride", "marriageable maiden", "daughter-in-law", "young girl," the goddess of springs, Nymph or goddess of lower rank, "doll", "puppet", "opening rosebud," and "clitoris."
ἐπὶ [138 verses](prep) "On" is from epi , which means "on," "upon," "at," "by," "before," "across," "for," and "against." With a noun in the possessive, genitive, it means "upon," "on" but not necessarily of Place, "by (of persons)," "deep (with numbers)," "in the presence of," "towards," "in the time of," and "over (referring to a person of authority)." With a noun indirect object, dative, it means of place: "upon," "on," or "over," of people: "against (in a hostile sense)," regarding a situation: "towards" or "in reference to," of an accumulation: "upon," "after," "addition to," and "besides," of position: "after," "behind," "in dependence upon," and "in the power of," of time: "by," and "after," and. in a causal sense: "of the occasion or cause," "for" a person, an end, or purpose," "on condition that," and "for" (a price). With the objective noun, an accusative, it means of place: "upon or on to a height," "up to," "as far as," "a little way," "a little," "towards," "to," in hostile sense: "against," of extension: "over," "over (a space)," of time: "for," "during," "up to" or "till," in a causal sense: "of (the object)," for (this purpose)," "as regards," "according to," and "by (this cause)." With verbs of perceiving, observing, and judging, it means "in the case of." -
τὴν [821 verses](article sg fem acc) "Her" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones."
πενθεράν.” [2 verses] (noun sg fem acc) "Mother-in-law" is from penthera, which means "mother-in-law."-The word "mother-in-law" means "mother-in-law" as the female form of the word for "father-in-law."
Matthew 10:35 For I have come to set a man at variance
Luke 12:52 For from henceforth there shall be five in one house divided,
This is a more detailed statement than the version in Matthew 10:35,