Jesus starts a story about a man picking the best rooms and having someone more worthy show up.
Luke 14:11 For whosoever exalteth himself shall be abased; and he that humbleth himself shall be exalted.
Luke 14:11 For all those who exalt themselves will be humbled, and those who humble themselves will be exalted.
Because every one lifting himself high will be lowered. And the one lowering himself will be lifted higher.
The future reverses the present.
This whole verse is a play on words. The two verbs have a double meaning, both the opposite of each other, Their primary meanings are "to lift up" and "to lower." Their secondary meanings are "to praise" and "to disparage" translated a "exalt" and "abuse/humble."
For whosoever(WW) (MWthe one) exalteth(WF) himself shall be abased; and he(WW) that(IW) humbleth(CW, WF) himself shall be exalted.
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "whosoever" should be something more like "all."
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "the one" after "whosoever" is not shown in the English translation.
- WF -- Wrong Form - This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "exalting."
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "he" should be something more like "the one."
- IW - Inserted Word -- The "that" doesn't exist in the source.
- CW --Confusing Word -- This "humble" is the same Greek word translated earlier in the verse as "abuse."
- WF -- Wrong Form - This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "humbling."
For all those(WN) who(IW) exalt(WF) themselves(WN) will be humbled, and those(WN) who(IW) humble(WF) themselves(WN) will be exalted.
- WN --Wrong Number- The word "those" is translated as plural but the Greek word is singular.
- IW - Inserted Word -- The "who" doesn't exist in the source.
- WF -- Wrong Form - This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "exalting."
- WN --Wrong Number- The word "themselves" is translated as plural but the Greek word is singular
- WN --Wrong Number- The word "those" is translated as plural but the Greek word is singular.
- IW - Inserted Word -- The "who" doesn't exist in the source.
- WF -- Wrong Form - This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "humbling."
- WN --Wrong Number- The word "themselves" is translated as plural but the Greek word is singular
For -- The word translated as "for" introduces a statement of fact or cause, "for what," "because," "since," "seeing that," "that," and "wherefore." Jesus usually uses this word to mean "because" in statements that seem like an answer to a question because of the change of context. It means "because" when answering a "why" question and "that" when explaining a "what" question. Another common word is used for "for."
whosoever -- (WW) The word translated as "whosoever" is the Greek adjective meaning "all," "the whole," "every," and similar ideas. When it is used as a noun, we would say "everything." As an adverb, it means "in every way," "on every side," and "altogether." This word doesn't mean "whosoever."
missing "the one" -- (MW) The untranslated word "the one" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more.
exalteth -- (WF) The word translated as "exalt" is from a verb that means "to lift high," "to raise up." It is a metaphor for "to elevate" and "to exalt." It is in the future tense. Christ uses several words to mean "lift" or "raise" up but he uses this one primarily when making a play on words. This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "exalting."
himself -- "Himself" is a special reflexive pronoun that means "himself," "herself," and so on. " When used in the possessive, it has the sense of "his own."
shall -- This helping verb "shall" indicates the verb is in the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
be -- This helping verb "be" indicates that the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
abased; --"Abased" is a verb that means "to lower," "to reduce," "to lessen," "to disparage," "to minimize," and "to humble." It is in the future tense but passive.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
he -- (WW) The word translated as "he" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more. This word doesn't mean "he ."
that -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source. It was added because the next verb was translated as active rather than as a participle.
humbleth -- (CW, WF) "Humble" is a verb that means "to lower," "to reduce," "to lessen," "to disparage," "to minimize," and "to humble." It is in the future tense but passive. This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "humbling." This translation is inconsistent translating the "humble" here as "abuse" earlier in the verse here.
himself -- "Himself" is a special reflexive pronoun that means "himself," "herself," and so on. " When used in the possessive, it has the sense of "his own."
shall -- This helping verb "shall" indicates the verb is in the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
be -- This helping verb "be" indicates that the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
exalted. -- The word translated as "exhalt" is from a verb that means "to lift high," "to raise up." It is a metaphor for "to elevate" and "to exalt." It is in the future tense. Christ uses several words to mean "lift" or "raise" up but he uses this one primarily when making a play on words.
For -- The word translated as "for" introduces a statement of fact or cause, "for what," "because," "since," "seeing that," "that," and "wherefore." Jesus usually uses this word to mean "because" in statements that seem like an answer to a question because of the change of context. It means "because" when answering a "why" question and "that" when explaining a "what" question. Another common word is used for "for."
all -- The word translated as "all" is the Greek adjective meaning "all," "the whole," "every," and similar ideas. When it is used as a noun, we would say "everything." As an adverb, it means "in every way," "on every side," and "altogether."
those -- (WN) The word "those" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more. This word is not plural but singular.
who -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source. It was added because the next verb was translated as active rather than as a participle.
exalt -- (WF) The word translated as "exalt" is from a verb that means "to lift high," "to raise up." It is a metaphor for "to elevate" and "to exalt." It is in the future tense. Christ uses several words to mean "lift" or "raise" up but he uses this one primarily when making a play on words. This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "exalting."
themselves -- (WN) "Themselves" is a special reflexive pronoun that means "himself," "herself," and so on. " When used in the possessive, it has the sense of "his own."
will -- This helping verb "will " indicates the verb is in the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
be -- This helping verb "be" indicates that the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
humbled; -- "Humbled" is a verb that means "to lower," "to reduce," "to lessen," "to disparage," "to minimize," and "to humble." It is in the future tense but passive.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
those -- (WN) The word "those" is the Greek definite article, "the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more. This word is not plural but singular.
who -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source. It was added because the next verb was translated as active rather than as a participle.
humble -- (WF) "Humble" is a verb that means "to lower," "to reduce," "to lessen," "to disparage," "to minimize," and "to humble." It is in the future tense but passive. This is not an active verb but a participle, a verbal adjective, "humbling."
themselves -- (WN) "Themselves" is a special reflexive pronoun that means "himself," "herself," and so on. " When used in the possessive, it has the sense of "his own."
will -- This helping verb "will " indicates the verb is in the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
be -- This helping verb "be" indicates that the verb is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
exalted. -- The word translated as "exhalt" is from a verb that means "to lift high," "to raise up." It is a metaphor for "to elevate" and "to exalt." It is in the future tense. Christ uses several words to mean "lift" or "raise" up but he uses this one primarily when making a play on words.
ὅτι [332 verses](adv/conj) "That" is hoti, which introduces a statement of fact "with regard to the fact that," "seeing that," and acts as a causal adverb meaning "for what," "because," "since," and "wherefore." This is the same word can be translated as both "because" and "that" in the same verse when answering two different types of questions.
πᾶς [212 verses] (adj sg masc nom) "Whosoever" is pas, which means "all," "the whole," "every," "anyone," "all kinds," and "anything." In the adverbial form, it means "every way," "on every side," "in every way," and "altogether."
ὁ [821 verses](article sg masc nom) "Who" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones."
ὑψῶν [8 verses](part sg pres act masc nom) "Exhalteth" is hypsoo (hupsoo), which means "to lift high," "to raise up." It is a metaphor for "to elevate" and "to exalt."
ἑαυτὸν [75 verses] (adj sg masc acc) "Himself" is heautou, is a reflexive pronoun that means "himself," "herself," "itself" "themselves," and "ourselves." It is not the common pronoun meaning simply "he," "she," "them," etc. In the genitive form, it has the sense of "his own."
ταπεινωθήσεται [4 verses](verb 3rd sg fut ind pass) "Shall be abased" is tapeinoo, which means "to lower," "to reduce," "to lessen," "to disparage," "to minimize," and "to humble."
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "also." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even," "also," and "just." In a series, it can be translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as."
ὁ [821 verses](article sg masc nom) "He that" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones."
ταπεινῶν [4 verses] (part sg pres act masc nom) "Humbleth" is tapeinoo, which means "to lower," "to reduce," "to lessen," "to disparage," "to minimize," and "to humble."
ἑαυτὸν [75 verses] (adj sg masc acc) "Himself" is heautou, is a reflexive pronoun that means "himself," "herself," "itself" "themselves," and "ourselves." It is not the common pronoun meaning simply "he," "she," "them," etc. In the genitive form, it has the sense of "his own."
ψωθήσεται. [8 verses](verb 3rd sg fut ind pass) "Shall be exhalted" is hypsoo (hupsoo), which means "to lift high," "to raise up." It is a metaphor for "to elevate" and "to exalt."
The whole verse is a play on words. The two verbs have a double meaning,both the opposite of each other. Their primary meanings are "to lift up" and "to lower." There secondary meanings are "to praise" and "to disparage."