Luke 17:3 Take heed to yourselves: If thy brother trespass against thee, rebuke him; and if he repent, forgive him.
Pay attention to yourselves. When that brother of yours errs tell the cost to him and, when he changes his mind, leave him alone.
This verse is addressed to a specific person, not the crowd, probably in the answer to a question. This is hidden in English because we cannot see the differences between the singular and plural "you". Also, the form of these if/then statement is something that probably will happen in the future. The vocabulary here is very different from the Matthew version, though the sentiment is similar. This verse uses one word that is common in the Gospels, but that Jesus only uses himself here.
The word translated as "take heeds" means"hold to", "offer", "turn toward", "attend to", "pay attention," and "be on your guard against". Its root is the Greek word meaning "have" and "hold". It works somewhat like our phrase "hold fast". It is a command to the group of listeners.
"To yourselves" is a special reflexive pronoun that means "himself", "herself," and so on.
The Greek word meaning "if " indicates more of an expectation of something happening than "if" alone. This is often how we use the word "when".
The word translated as "thy" is the possessive form of the second person pronoun.
The word translated as "brother" means a biological brother, any kinsmen, and more broadly and friend or associate.
"Trespass" is from the verb which means "to miss the mark", "to fail in one's purpose", "to err", "to be mistaken," and "to neglect." This is the verb translated as "sin" elsewhere. This same verb is used in the Matthew version.
The unique word here for Jesus is translated as "rebuke". The verb means "to lay a value upon", "to show honour to", to "raise in price", of judges, "to lay a penalty on a person" and to "censure". Note that this word primarily means explaining the cost of something or the penalty for doing something. This word is frequently used in the NT to describe Jesus "rebuking" his followers, the weather, or a "demon" or "charging" someone to do or not to do something. We get the sense that it means "criticize" or "condemn" or "command" when it really doesn't. This idea is closer to the version in Matthew, which involves questioning him.
The word translated as "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. The word means "the same" when used as an adjective. In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there."
The Greek word meaning "if might" indicates more of an expectation of something happening than "if" alone. This is often how we use the word "when".
The word translated as "repent" has nothing to do with sin or, generally, with religion or asking for forgiveness. The Greek word translated as "repent" has a primary meaning of to understand something after the fact, with the sense of seeing it is too late. Is specific meaning is to "understand afterward," as seeing the truth after a mistake is made. From this idea, it comes to mean to change your mind, shifting your perspective. This is in the form of a command.
The word translated as "forgive" primarily means "to let go", "to let drop", or "to send away." This same word is usually translated as "leave", "forgive", "suffer," and "let" in the New Testament.
The word translated as "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. The word means "the same" when used as an adjective. In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there."
προσέχετε ( verb 2nd pl pres imperat act ) "Take heed" is the Greek prosecho, which means "hold to", "to offer", "turn to or toward," "to turn your mind toward," "to be on one's guard against", "to take heed", "to pay attention", "to devote oneself to", "to attach oneself", "to continue", "to hold fast to [a thing]," "to have in addition," or "pay court to."
ἑαυτοῖς. (pro pl masc dat) "To yourselves" is heautou, is a reflexive pronoun that means "himself", "herself", "itself" "themselves," and "ourselves." It is an alternative to autos.
ἐὰν (conj) "If" is ean, which is a conditional particle (derived from ei (if) and an (might), which makes reference to a time and experience in the future that introduces but does not determine an event.
ἁμάρτῃ ( verb 3rd sg aor subj act ) "Trespass" is from hamartanô, which means "to miss the mark", "to fail in one's purpose", "to err", "to be mistaken," and "to neglect."
ὁ ἀδελφός (noun sg masc nom) "Brother" is adelphos, which means "son of the same mother", "kinsman", "colleague", "associate," and "brother."
σου (adj sg masc gen) "Thy" is sou which means "of you" and "your."
ἐπιτίμησον [unique]( verb 2nd sg aor imperat act ) "Rebuke" is epitimaō, which means "to lay a value upon", "to show honour to", to "raise in price", of judges, "to lay a penalty on a person" and to "censure".
αὐτῷ, (adj sg masc dat) "Him" is autos, which means "the same," and the reflexive pronouns, "myself", "yourself", "himself", "herself", "itself," or the oblique case of the pronouns, "him", "her," and "it." It also means "one's true self," that is, "the soul" as opposed to the body and "of one's own accord." In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there."
καὶ (conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "but." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even", "also," and "just." --
ἐὰν (conj) "If" is ean, which is a conditional particle (derived from ei (if) and an (might), which makes reference to a time and experience in the future that introduces but does not determine an event.
μετανοήσῃ ( verb 3rd sg aor subj act ) "Repent," is from metanoeo, which literally means "to perceive afterward", "to perceive too late", "to change one's mind", "to change one's purpose," and "to repent."
ἄφες ( verb 2nd sg aor imperat act ) "Forgive" is aphiemi, which means "to let fall", "to send away", "give up", "hand over", "to let loose", "to get rid of", "to leave alone", "to pass by", "to permit," and "to send forth from oneself." --
αὐτῷ: (adj sg masc dat) "Him" is autos, which means "the same," and the reflexive pronouns, "myself", "yourself", "himself", "herself", "itself," or the oblique case of the pronouns, "him", "her," and "it." It also means "one's true self," that is, "the soul" as opposed to the body and "of one's own accord." In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there." --