Luke 18:14 I tell you, this man went down to his house justified rather than the other: for every one that exalteth himself shall be abased; and he that humbleth himself shall be exalted.
I say to you he came down, this one, set right in that house of his compared to that one there seeing that every one lifting up himself will be lowered. This one, however, lowering himself will be raised up.
The Greek has several iterations of "this one" and "that one" that are lost in translation. In the last part, the contrast between the repeated verse is lost as is the sense of "raising" and "lowering", which are the primary sense of the verbs. The last part of this verse is very similar to Matthew 23:12 and Luke 14:11, but the Matthew verse is all in the future tense. Though Greek has a verb form indicating someone acting on themselves, Jesus does not use it here or in similar verses. I suspect this is because he wanted to surprise his audiences with the "himself."
The word translated as "I tell" is the most common word that means "to say," and "to speak," but it also means "to teach."
The Greek pronoun "you" here is plural and in the form of an indirect object, "to you", "for you", etc.
"This" is translated from a Greek word that means "this", "that", "the nearer." It is the tax-collector contrasted with the later "that one" below.
There is no word "man" here, but it is implied by the male form of the "this" above.
The verb translated as "went down" means "go down" and "dismount". It it used to describe coming down from the temple mount.
The word translated as "to" means "into" a place, "towards" as a direction, "in regards to" a subject, and "up to" limits in time and measure. It comes after the verb translated as "justified" and doesn't seem to refer to where he "came down" to but how he was justified. The sense is "in regards to" or "as far as".
The word translated as "his" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English.
The Greek word translated as "house," is any dwelling place but not exclusively a separate house. It means the household or clan that lives in the building as well. Here the sense is that he is "set right" toward his clan, family, and place in society.
"Justified" is a verb that means to "set right", "hold or deem right", and "have right done one", as well as "chastise," and "punish."
There "rather than" is a preposition that means "besides" and "beyond." It also has a number of specialized meanings. The sense here is "beside" or "compared to".
The word translated as "the other" is an adjective that highlights its noun as being in a specific place or time from a word that means "there." By itself, it has the sense of "that one there".
The word translated as "for" introduces a statement of fact or cause. The sense is "because" or "seeing that".
The word translated as "every" is the Greek adjective meaning "all", "the whole", "every," and similar ideas.
The word translated as "one" is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more.
There is no "that" here. The following word is an adjective modifying "one".
The word translated as "exalt" is from a verb that means "to lift high", "to raise up." It is a metaphor for "to elevate" and "to exalt." It is in the form of an verbal adjective, "raising up".
"Himself" is a special reflexive pronoun that means "himself", "herself," and so on.
"Shall be abased" is a verb that means "to lower", "to reduce", "to lessen", "to disparage", "to minimize," and "to humble." It is in the future tense and passive. The primary contrast is "raising" and "lower".
The Greek word translated as "and" means "but", "however", and "on the other hand". Since it always falls in the second position, translating it as "however" often captures its feeling better. There two ideas, one being raised and another lowered are contrasted by this conjunction.
The word translated as "he that" is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those"). See this article for more. The sense is "this one", referring to the earlier "this".
"Humbleth" is a verb that means "to lower", "to reduce", "to lessen", "to disparage", "to minimize," and "to humble." It is the save verb as translated as "abased" above. The form is an adjective, "lowering".
"Himself" is a special reflexive pronoun that means "himself", "herself," and so on.
The word translated as "shall be exalted" is from a verb that means "to lift high", "to raise up." It is a metaphor for "to elevate" and "to exalt." The form is future passive.
λέγω (verb 1st sg act ind) "I tell" is lego, which means "to recount", "to tell over", "to say", "to speak", "to teach", "to mean", "boast of", "tell of", "recite," nominate," and "command." It has a secondary meaning "pick out," "choose for oneself", "pick up", "gather", "count," and "recount." A less common word that is spelled the same means "to lay", "to lay asleep" and "to lull asleep." --
ὑμῖν, (pron 2nd pl dat) "You" is humin the plural form of su the pronoun of the second person, "you."
κατέβη ( verb 3rd sg aor ind act ) "Came down" is from katabaino, which means "go down", "come down from," and "dismount from." Metaphorically, it means "attain", "conform to", "condescend", "fall in value," and "arrive at the end [of a speech]." --
οὗτος (adv) "This" is houtos, which as an adjective means "this", "that", "the nearer." As an adverb, it means "in this way", "therefore", "so much", "to such an extent," and "that is why."
δεδικαιωμένος ( part sg perf mp masc nom ) "Justified" is from dikaioo, which means to "set right", "hold or deem right", "proved", "tested," "claim or demand as a right", "that which is ordained", "pronounce judgment", "have right done one", "chastise," and "punish."
εἰς (prep) "To" is eis, which means "into (of place)," "up to (of time)", "until (of time)", "as much as (of measure or limit)", "as far as (of measure or limit)", "towards (to express relation)", "in regard to (to express relation)", "of an end or limit," and "for (of purpose or object)."
τὸν οἶκον (noun sg masc acc) "House" is oikos, which means "house", "dwelling place", "room", "home", "meeting hall", "household goods", "substance," and "ruling family." It is any dwelling place but not exclusively a separate house.
αὐτοῦ (adj sg masc gen) "His" is autos, which means "the same," and the reflexive pronouns, "myself", "yourself", "himself", "herself", "itself," or the oblique case of the pronouns, "him", "her," and "it." It also means "one's true self," that is, "the soul" as opposed to the body and "of one's own accord." In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there."
παρ᾽ (prep) "Rather than" is para, which means "beside", "from the side of", "from beside,", "from", "issuing from", "near", "by", "with", "along", "past", "beyond", "parallel (geometry)", "like (metaphor)", "a parody of (metaphor)", "precisely at the moment of (time)," and "throughout (time)."
ἐκεῖνον: ( adj sg masc acc ) "The other" is ekeinos, which means "the person there", "that person", "that thing", "in that case", "in that way", "at that place," and "in that manner."
ὅτι (adv/conj) "That" is hoti, which introduces a statement of fact "with regard to the fact that", "seeing that," and acts as a causal adverb meaning "for what", "because", "since," and "wherefore."
πᾶς (adj sg masc nom) "Every" is pas, which means "all", "the whole", "every", "anyone", "all kinds," and "anything." In the adverbial form, it means "every way", "on every side", "in every way," and "altogether."
ὁ (article sg masc nom) "One that" is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones."
ὑψῶν ( part sg pres act masc nom ) "Exalteth" is hypsoo (hupsoo), which means "to lift high", "to raise up." It is a metaphor for "to elevate" and "to exalt."
ἑαυτὸν ( adj sg masc acc ) "Himself" is heautou, is a reflexive pronoun that means "himself", "herself", "itself" "themselves," and "ourselves." It is an alternative to autos.
ταπεινωθήσεται, ( verb 3rd sg fut ind pass ) "Shall be abased" is tapeinoo, which means "to lower", "to reduce", "to lessen", "to disparage", "to minimize," and "to humble."
ὁ (article sg masc nom) "He that" is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones."
δὲ (conj/adv) "But" is de which means "but" and "on the other hand." It is the particle that joins sentences in an adversarial way but can also be a weak connective ("and") and explanation of cause ("so") and a condition ("if").
ταπεινῶν ( part sg pres act masc nom ) "Humbleth" is tapeinoo, which means "to lower", "to reduce", "to lessen", "to disparage", "to minimize," and "to humble." --
ἑαυτὸν ( adj sg masc acc ) "Himself" is heautou, is a reflexive pronoun that means "himself", "herself", "itself" "themselves," and "ourselves." It is an alternative to autos. -- "Himself" is a special reflexive pronoun that means "himself", "herself," and so on.
ὑψωθήσεται. ( verb 3rd sg fut ind pass) "Exalteth" is hypsoo (hupsoo), which means "to lift high", "to raise up." It is a metaphor for "to elevate" and "to exalt." -- The word translated as "shall exhalt" is from a verb that means "to lift high", "to raise up." It is a metaphor for "to elevate" and "to exalt." It is in the future tense. Christ uses several words to mean "lift" or "raise" up but he uses this one primarily when making a play on words.