Luke 22:53 When I was daily with you in the temple, ye stretched forth no hands against me: but this is your hour, and the power of darkness.
During a daytime of my being among you in the temple, no, you didn't stretch out those hands upon me, but this is yours, the moment and the authority of the darkness.
In the Greek, this verse is a play on words. The contrast here is clearly between the daytime and the darkness of night. That is lost in translation.
The verse begins with an untranslated preposition that has many meanings, but when applied to a length of time, as it is here, it means "during the course of a period."
The Greek word translated as "daily" also means "time," in general, and refers specifically to the "daytime." Here, the sense is "daytime" since it is contrasted to darkness at the end of the verse.
There is no "when" in the Greek.
"I" is the first-person possessive singular pronoun, but it is not in the form of a subject. It is in the form of "my" or "mine."
The verb "was" here is the common form of "to be" in Greek. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. However, it is not in an active form. It is in the form of an adjective, "being".
The Greek word translated as "daily" is the noun that means "days", "time," in general, and refers specifically to the "daytime." It is plural.
"With" is the Greek word that usually means "with" or a related concept such as "among" or "by the means of". It also refers to "after" or "behind" when referring to a place, time, or pursuit.
The word translated as "you" is plural addressing a group of Jesus's listeners.
The word translated as "in" also means "within", "with," or "among."
"The temple" from a noun that means "holy place" and it related to the word used for "priest." However, it is also a noun that means "sacrifice" or "victim." It creates a perfect play on words.
"Ye stretched forth" is a verb that means "to stretch out," but also means "to offer food", "to prostrate yourself," and "to extend." The Greek word for "stretch" has the same meaning as the word in English with all its related ideas of extending yourself and your abilities. This extension of abilities has the same sense of being work and a struggle. The verb is active, plural, and in a tense that can be past, present, or future.
The Greek word translated as "not" is the Greek negative used to deny objective facts, not opinions. It makes a negative statement of fact. Adding "really" to the sentence captures the same idea. It precedes the verb, not "hands". The sense is "no, you didn't".
The Greek word translated as "hands" means "the hand and forearm". It can mean both the idea of a helping hand and being in someone's control. It is plural.
The word translated as "against" means "on", "over", "upon", "against", "before", "after", "during", "by" or "on."
"Me" is the regular first-person pronoun in Greek.
The Greek word translated as "but" denotes an exception or simple opposition. It is used to emphasize the contrast between things like we use "rather". It is the Greek word "other" like we use "otherwise".
"This" is translated from a Greek word that means "this", "that", "the nearer." --
The verb "is" here is the common form of "to be" in Greek. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. It also equates terms or assigns characteristics.
The word translated as "your" is plural addressing a group of Jesus's listeners.
The word translated as "hour" means a period of time, generally, as we might say "moment." It has an article before it, so "the moment".
The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
The term translated as "the power" isn't the "power" of skill or energy but of authority, control, and the ability to choose. It has an article before it, so "the authority".
"Of darkness" is a noun that means "darkness", "gloom", "blindness," and "dizziness." It is a metaphor in Greek for ignorance. The "of" comes from the form of the word. It also has an article before it, "of the darkness.
καθ᾽ (adv/prep)Untranslated is kata, which, as a preposition, means "downwards", "down from", "down into", "against", "down toward", "opposite", "separately", "individually", "at a time", "towards", "in accordance with", "concerning", "corresponding with", "during the course of a period," and "severally." As an adverb, it means "according as", "just as", "in so far as", "wherefore", "like as if" and "exactly as." -- The word translated as "against" means "down from", "down into", "against", "opposite", "separately", "at a time", "towards", "in accordance with", "concerning", "corresponding with", "during the course of a period," and "severally."
ἡμέραν ( adj pl fem gen ) "Daily" is hemera, which, as a noun, means "day" "a state or time of life", "a time (poetic)", "day break" and "day time." It is also and also has a second meaning, of "quiet", "tame (animals)", "cultivated (crops)," and "civilized (people)." --
ὄντος ( part sg pres act masc gen ) "Was" is eimi, which means "to be", "to exist", "to be the case," of circumstance and events "to happen", and "is possible." (The future form is esomai. The 3rd person present indicative is "esti.") --
μου (pro sg masc gen) "I" is mou, which mean "my," or "mine." --
μεθ᾽ (prep) "With" is meta, which means "with", "in the midst of", "among", "between", "in common", "along with", "by the aid of", "in one's dealings with", "into the middle of", "coming into", "in pursuit of", "after", "behind", "according to," "after", "behind", and "next afterward." --
ὑμῶν (pron 2nd pl gen) "Your" is humon, the plural possessive form of su the pronoun of the second person, "you." --
ἐν (prep) "In" is en, which means "in", "on", "at", "by", "among", "within", "surrounded by", "in one's hands", "in one's power," and "with". --
τῷ ἱερῷ (adj sg masc dat) "The temple" is from hieron, means which means "filled with or manifesting divine power", "holy," "consecrated", "under divine protection", "holy place", "sacred principle," and "supernatural." It also means "victim" or "sacrifice." It is related to the word used for "priest." Both come from the word hieros, which means "super-human", "mighty", "divine", "wonderful" and "holy."
οὐκ (partic) "Not" is ou which is the negative adverb for facts and statements, negating both single words and sentences. The other negative adverb, μή applies to will and thought; οὐ denies, μή rejects; οὐ is absolute, μή relative; οὐ objective, μή subjective. --
ἐξετείνατε [uncommon] ( verb 2nd pl aor ind act ) "Stretch forth" is ekteinô, which means "to stretch out", "to offer food", "to prostrate yourself", "to straighten", "spread out," to extend," "spin out, "prolong", "put forth" and, in the passive, "be unfolded", "be smoothed."
τὰς χεῖρας ( noun pl fem acc ) "Hand" is cheir (cheir) which means "the hand and arm," and "with the help of agency of another." Like "hand" in English, it has a lot of meanings including "an act or deed", "a body of people," and the measurement "handful." --
ἐπ᾽ (prep) "Against" is epi, which means "on", "over", "upon", "at", "by", "before", "across," "after" in position, "during", and "against." --
ἐμέ: (noun sg masc acc) "Me" is eme, which means "I", "me", and "my". --
ἀλλ᾽ (adv) "But" is alla, which means "otherwise", "but", "still", "at least", "except", "yet," nevertheless", "rather", "moreover," and "nay." --
αὕτη (adj sg fem nom) "This" is houtos, which as an adjective means "this", "that", "the nearer." As an adverb, it means "in this way", "therefore", "so much", "to such an extent," and "that is why." --
ἐστὶν (verb 3rd sg pres ind act) "Is" is eimi, which means "to be", "to exist", "to be the case," of circumstance and events "to happen", and "is possible." (The future form is esomai. The 3rd person present indicative is "esti.") --
ὑμῶν (pron 2nd pl gen) "Your" is humon, the plural possessive form of su the pronoun of the second person, "you." --
ἡ ὥρα (noun ) "Hour" is hora, which means "any period", "season," (especially springtime), "year' (generally), "climate" (as determined by seasons), "duration", "the twelve equal parts into which the period of daylight was divided", "the fitting time" (for a task). --
καὶ (conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "but." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even", "also," and "just." --
ἡ ἐξουσία ( noun sg fem nom ) "The power" is exousia which means "control", "the power of choice", "permission", "the power of authority", "the right of privilege", "abundance of means," and "abuse of power." --
τοῦ σκότους. ( noun sg neut gen ) "Darkness" is from skotos, which means "darkness", "gloom", "blindness," and "dizziness." It is a metaphor in Greek for ignorance.