On Mount of Olives, Peter, James, John, and Andrew asked Jesus when these things will be.
Mark 13:12 Now the brother shall betray the brother to death, and the father the son; and children shall rise up against [their] parents, and shall cause them to be put to death.
Mark 13:12 Brother will betray brother to death, and a father his child. Children will rebel against their parents and have them put to death.
Mark 13:12 A brother will betray his brother to death, a father will betray his own child, and children will rebel against their parents and cause them to be killed.
And a brother will give up a brother into death. And a father, a son. And children will rise in revolt against ancestors, and they will put them to death.
Those who protest the past are revolting.
The clause "rise up/rebel" clause, the "against" verb occurs in both the prefix of theGreek verb and in the preposition phrase after. Its meaning is "rise up/rebel against." The word is then repeated in the phrase "against parents." This repetition emphasizes it. The word translated as "parents" more generally means "ancestors." In the Gospels, Jesus uses this word five times and it always translated as "parents" in the KJV, but its meaning as "ancestors" was more relevant. The Judeans honored their history and the generations that came before them.
The word translated as "put to death" is only used this and similar verses in other Gospels that use this word "ancestors." Putting dead ancestors to death may seem like an unlikely concept, but as Jesus said a little earlier in Mark 12:27, their God is not the God of the dead, but of the living. So for Jesus, the forefathers were still living and could be killed by their children.
All the definitive articles "the" in this verse do not occur in the Greek. The sense is that these things happen much more seldom than the English version.
This verse occurs here in Mark and in Luke 21:16 during the last week of Jesus's ministry, but the parallel version occurs in Matthew 10:21 during the first sending out of the apostles at the beginning of his ministry. The sense is that Jesus is reminding the apostles of things he told them earlier.
- WW - Wrong Word -- The word translated as "now" means "but."
- IW - Inserted Word -- The word "the" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word -- The word "the" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word -- The word "the" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word -- The word "the" doesn't exist in the source.
- MW - Missing Word -- The article "the" is not shown in the English translation.
- WW - Wrong Word -- The word translated as "his" means "a."
- MW - Missing Word -- The conjunction "and" is not shown in the English translation.
- WW - Wrong Word -- The word translated as "his" means "a."
- IP - Inserted phrase-- The phrase "will betray" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word -- The word "the" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word -- The word "own" doesn't exist in the source.
- IW - Inserted Word -- The word "their" doesn't exist in the source.
Now -- (WW) This is not the Greek word in any source. The KJV source had the word meaning "but", "however", and "on the other hand". But in the source we use today, the Greek word is the conjunction usually translated as "and."
the -- (IW There is no Greek word that is translated as "the" in the source. There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a word doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article "a" can be added in English translation.
brother -- The word translated as "brother" means a biological brother, any kinsmen, and more broadly and friend or associate. It appears a subject after the verb right before the same word in the form of an object.
shall -- This helping verb indicates that the following verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
betray -- "Betray" is a compound word which literally means "to give over." It is often translated in the KJV as "betray" but it has no real sense of that.
the -- (IW) There is no Greek word that is translated as "the" in the source we use today nor was there one in the source that the KJV translators used. There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a word doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article "a" can be added in English translation.
brother -- The word translated as "brother" means a biological brother, any kinsmen, and more broadly and friend or associate. This is the same word as above, but in the form of an object.
to -- The word translated as "unto" means "into" a place, "towards" as a direction, "in regards to" a subject, and "up to" and "as far as" limits in time and measure.
death, -- "Death" is the Greek word meaning "death" generally and the death penalty specifically.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
the -- (IW) There is no Greek word that is translated as "the" in the source. There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a word doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article "a" can be added in English translation.
father -- "Father" is the Greek noun that means "father" or any male ancestor so "forefathers". It is the word that Christ uses to address his own Father.
the -- (IW) There is no Greek word that is translated as "the" in the source. There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a word doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article "a" can be added in English translation.
son; -- The word translated as "son" means "child" but in the most general sense of "offspring." Christ does not use it to refer specifically to children under seven, which is another term. See this article more about these words for "child."
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
children -- The word translated as "children" means "child" but in the most general sense of "offspring." Christ does not use it to refer specifically to children under seven, which is another term. See this article more about these words for "child."
shall -- This helping verb indicates that the following verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
rise up -- "Rise up" is a unique verb used only once Jesus. This verb means to "set up," "raise in revolt," and "rise up against." The Greek verb means "raise themselves up," but was sayd that as "rise."
against -- The word translated as "unto" means "on", "over", "upon", "against", "before", "after", "during", "by" or "on."
their -- There is no Greek word that is translated as "their" in the source we use today nor was there one in the source that the KJV translators used.
parents, -- "Parents" is a word that means "progenitor" and can refer to parents or ancestors.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
shall -- This helping verb indicates that the following verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
cause "To cause to be ... put to death" is the verb form of the word for "death". It means "to put to death," and "to cause death," but it also means "to mortify."
them -- The word translated as "them" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. The word means "the same" when used as an adjective. In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there."
to be put to death. -- "To cause to be ... put to death" is the verb form of the word for "death". It means "to put to death," and "to cause death," but it also means "to mortify."
missing "and"-- (MW) The untranslated word is the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also"). In a series, it is best translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as".
Brother -- The word translated as "brother" means a biological brother, any kinsmen, and more broadly and friend or associate. It appears a subject after the verb right before the same word in the form of an object.Mark 13 12 Now the brother shall betray the brother to death... Christ's Words.html
will -- This helping verb indicates that the following verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
betray -- "Betray" is a compound word which literally means "to give over." It is often translated in the KJV as "betray" but it has no real sense of that.
brother -- The word translated as "brother" means a biological brother, any kinsmen, and more broadly and friend or associate. This is the same word as above, but in the form of an object.
to -- The word translated as "unto" means "into" a place, "towards" as a direction, "in regards to" a subject, and "up to" and "as far as" limits in time and measure.
death, -- "Death" is the Greek word meaning "death" generally and the death penalty specifically.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
a -- There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a word doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article can be added in English translation.
father -- "Father" is the Greek noun that means "father" or any male ancestor so "forefathers". It is the word that Christ uses to address his own Father.
his -- (WW) There is no Greek word that is translated as "his" in the source. There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a word doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article "a" can be added in English translation.
child; -- The word translated as "son" means "child" but in the most general sense of "offspring." Christ does not use it to refer specifically to children under seven, which is another term. See this article more about these words for "child."
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
Children -- The word translated as "children" means "child" but in the most general sense of "offspring." Christ does not use it to refer specifically to children under seven, which is another term. See this article more about these words for "child."
will -- This helping verb indicates that the following verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
rebel -- "Rebel" is a unique verb used only once Jesus. This verb means to "set up," "raise in revolt," and "rise up against."
against -- The word translated as "unto" means "on", "over", "upon", "against", "before", "after", "during", "by" or "on."
their -- There is no Greek word that is translated as "their" in the source we use today nor was there one in the source that the KJV translators used.
parents, -- "Parents" is a word that means "progenitor" and can refer to parents or ancestors.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
have -- This helping verb indicates that the following verb is a cause. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
them -- The word translated as "them" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. The word means "the same" when used as an adjective. In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there."
put to death. -- "Put to death" is the verb form of the word for "death". It means "to put to death," and "to cause death," but it also means "to mortify."
missing "and"-- (MW) The untranslated word is the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also"). In a series, it is best translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as".
A -- There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a word doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article can be added in English translation.
brother -- The word translated as "brother" means a biological brother, any kinsmen, and more broadly and friend or associate. It appears a subject after the verb right before the same word in the form of an object.Mark 13 12 Now the brother shall betray the brother to death... Christ's Words.html
will -- This helping verb indicates that the following verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
betray -- "Betray" is a compound word which literally means "to give over." It is often translated in the KJV as "betray" but it has no real sense of that.
his -- (WW) There is no Greek word that is translated as "his" in the source. There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a word doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article "a" can be added in English translation.
brother -- The word translated as "brother" means a biological brother, any kinsmen, and more broadly and friend or associate. This is the same word as above, but in the form of an object.
to -- The word translated as "unto" means "into" a place, "towards" as a direction, "in regards to" a subject, and "up to" and "as far as" limits in time and measure.
death, -- "Death" is the Greek word meaning "death" generally and the death penalty specifically.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
a -- There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a word doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article can be added in English translation.
father -- "Father" is the Greek noun that means "father" or any male ancestor so "forefathers". It is the word that Christ uses to address his own Father.
will betray -- (IP) There are no Greek words that can be translated as "will betray" in the Greek source. It is assumed from the previous clause and unnecassary to add.
his -- (IW) There is no Greek word that is translated as "his" in the source. There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a word doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article "a" can be added in English translation.
own - (IW) There is no Greek word that can be translated as "own" in the Greek source.
child; -- The word translated as "child" means "son" and "child" but in the most general sense of "offspring." Christ does not use it to refer specifically to children under seven, which is another term. See this article more about these words for "child."
and -- The untranslated word "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
Children -- The word translated as "children" means "child" but in the most general sense of "offspring." Christ does not use it to refer specifically to children under seven, which is another term. See this article more about these words for "child."
will -- This helping verb indicates that the following verb is the future tense. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
rebel -- "Rebel" is a unique verb used only once Jesus. This verb means to "set up," "raise in revolt," and "rise up against."
against -- The word translated as "unto" means "on", "over", "upon", "against", "before", "after", "during", "by" or "on."
their --(IW) There is no Greek word that is translated as "their" in the source.
parents, -- "Parents" is a word that means "progenitor" and can refer to parents or ancestors.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and", but it also is used to add emphasis ("also").
cause -- This helping verb indicates that the following verb is a cause. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.
them -- The word translated as "them" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English. The word means "the same" when used as an adjective. In the adverbial form, it means "just here" or "exactly there."
to be killed -- This is the verb form of the word for "death". It means "to put to death," and "to cause death," but it also means "to mortify."-- This word is the verb form of the word for "death". It means "to put to death," and "to cause death," but it also means "to mortify.""To cause to be killed" is the verb form of the word for "death". It means "to put to death," and "to cause death," but it also means "to mortify."
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adj) "Now" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "but." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but γονεῖς also." Also used to give emphasis, "even", "also," and "just."
παραδώσει [43 verses]( verb 3rd sg fut ind act) "Betray" is paradidomi, which means "to give over to another", "to transmit", "to hand down", "to grant", "to teach," and "to bestow."
ἀδελφὸς [37 verses]( noun sg masc nom ) "Brother" is adelphos, which means "son of the same mother," "kinsman," "colleague," "associate," and "brother."
ἀδελφὸν [37 verses]( noun sg masc acc) "Brother" is adelphos, which means "son of the same mother," "kinsman," "colleague," "associate," and "brother."
εἰς [325 verses](prep) "To" is eis, which means "into (of place)," "up to (of time)", "until (of time)", "as much as (of measure or limit)", "as far as (of measure or limit)", "towards (to express relation)", "in regard to (to express relation)", "of an end or limit," and "for (of purpose or object)."
θάνατον [15 verses](noun sg masc acc ) "Death" is thanatos, which means "death" "kinds of death," specifically, "violent death," "corpse," and "a death sentence.
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adj) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "but." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even", "also," and "just."
πατὴρ [191 verses](noun sg masc nom) "Father" is pater, which means "father," "grandfather," "author," "parent," and "forefathers." -- "Father" is the Greek noun that means "father" or any male ancestor so "forefathers." It is the word that Christ uses to address his own Father.
τέκνον, [25 verses](noun sg neut nom/acc) "Child" is teknon (techion), which means "that which is born," "child," and "the young."
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adj) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "but." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even", "also," and "just."
ἐπαναστήσονται [1 verse](verb 3rd pl fut ind mid ) "Shall rise" is epianistêmi, which means to "set up," "raise in revolt," and "rise up against." It is a combination of epi, (epi) which means "on", "upon", and "against." and anistêmi, which means "to make stand up", "to raise up","to make people rise",and "to rise and leave the sanctuary."
τέκνα [25 verses](noun pl neut nom/acc) "Children" is teknon (techion), which means "that which is born," "child," and "the young."
ἐπὶ [138 verses](prep) "On" is from epi which means "on," "upon," "at," "by," "before," "across," and "against." With a noun in the possessive, genitive, it means "upon," "on" but not necessarily of Place, "by (of persons)," "deep (with numbers)," "in the presence of," "towards," "in the time of," and "over (referring to a person of authority)." With a noun indirect object, dative, it means of place: "upon," "on," or "over," of people: "against (in a hostile sense)," regarding a situation: "towards" or "in reference to," of an accumulation: "upon," "after," "addition to," and "besides," of position: "after," "behind," "in dependence upon," and "in the power of," of time: "by," and "after," and. in a causal sense: "of the occasion or cause," "for" a person, an end, or purpose," "on condition that," and "for" (a price). With the objective noun, an accusative, it means of place: "upon or on to a height," "up to," "as far as," "a little way," "a little," "towards," "to," in hostile sense: "against," of extension: "over," "over (a space)," of time: "for," "during," "up to" or "till," in a causal sense: "of (the object)," for (this purpose)," "as regards," "according to," and "by (this cause)." With verbs of perceiving, observing, and judging, it means "in the case of."
γονεῖς” [5 verses]( noun pl masc nom ) "Parents" is goneus, which mean "progenitor" and can refer to parents or ancestors.
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adj) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "but." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even", "also," and "just."
θανατώσουσιν [3 verses]( verb 3rd pl fut ind act ) "Shall cause to put to death" is thanatoo, which means "to put to death", "to be made dead (passive)", "to be put to death by sentence of law", "to be fatal," and "to cause death."
αὐτοὺς [62 verses](pron pl masc acc) "Them" is autous, in the form of the plural, masculine pronoun "them" in the form of a direct object. An accusative object indicates movement towards something or a position reached as a result of that movement. Events may show the amount of time.