For  - The word translated as "for" can be treated as supporting a dependent clause, or, to prevent a run-on sentence, translated as a "this is because..." to start a new sentence.

I -- This is from the first-person, singular form of the verb. Jesus does not use the "I" pronoun here, as he often does when he wants to accentuate the fact he, specifically, is saying something, (often for humorous reasons).

say  - The word translated as "I say" is the most common word that means "to say," and "to speak," but it also means "to teach," which seems to be the way Christ uses it more frequently. It also has many ancillary meanings such as "to count" ("to number" or like we might say, "to recount" a story) or "to choose for yourself." Christ usually uses this word to refer to his own speaking or teaching.

unto  -- This word "unto" comes from the dative case of the following word that requires the addition of a preposition in English. The most common is a "to" for the English indirect object.

you, -- The Greek pronoun "you" here is plural and in the form of an indirect object, "to you," "for you," etc. 

Ye -- This is from the second-person, plural form of the verb.

shall - (CW) This helping verb "shall" does not indicate the future tense, but that the verb describes a possibility, the subjunctive voice. A "might" or "should" in English is more appropriate, but is assumed in an "if/when/whoever/except" clause. Helping verbs are not needed in Greek since the main verb carries this information in its form.

not  - The "not" here is both of the Greek negatives used together. Greek has two negatives, one objective, one subjective. The use of both together is more extreme, like saying "you cannot really think."

see  - The verb translated as "see" means "to see" but it is used like we use the word "see" to mean "to know" or "to perceive." It is not in the future tense, but the tense that indicates something that happens at a specific point in time past, present, or future.

me  - "Me" is from the regular first-person pronoun in Greek.

henceforth,  - "Henceforth" is from two Greek words meaning "from just now."

till  - The word translated as "till" means "until" but it also means "in order that."

missing "when"  -- (MW) The untranslated wor"if might" indicates more of an expectation of something happening than "if" alone. This is often how we use the word "when."

ye -- This is from the second-person, plural form of the verb.

shall - (CW) This helping verb "shall" does not indicate the future tense, but that the verb describes a possibility, the subjunctive voice. A "might" or "should" in English is more appropriate, but is assumed in an "if/when/whoever/except" clause. Helping verbs are not needed in Greek since the main verb carries this information in its form.

say,  - Say" (a different Greek word from "I tell" Jesus uses to describe his speaking) is from means "to say" and "to speak" also. However, it has less a sense of teaching and more a sense of addressing and proclaiming. It also is not in the future tense, but the tense that indicates something that happens at a specific point in time past, present, or future.

Blessed  - (CW, WT) "Blessed" is from a verb that means to "speak well of," "praise," and "honor." Amusingly, this is a Hebrew euphemism for "cursed," reversing its normal meaning. This is not the word used in the Beatitudes ("Blessed are the poor..."). It is in a past perfect passive form of a particple, "having been honored."

is -- This helping verb "is" indicates that the verb above is passive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.

he -- (IW) There is nothing that can be translated as "he" in the Greek source. It was added because the previous verb was translated as active rather than a participle.

that -- The word translated as "that" is the Greek definite article, without a noun, it has the sense of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those") than the English "the." See this article for more. 

cometh . -- (WF) The word translated as "cometh" primarily means "to start out" but Jesususually uses it to mean "come" but not always. It indicates movement, especially its beginning, without indicating a direction toward or away from anything, so it works either as "start," "come," or "go," but it is more like our phrase "being underway." Our English word "show up" captures both the "start" and "come" ideas. See this article for more. This is a participle.

in -- The word translated as "in" means "in," "within," "with," "during" (time),  or "among"  with a dative object as the one here.  With the accusative, it means "into," "on," and "for." When referring to time, it means "during." It can mean "on," "at," or "by" in the sense of "near."

the -- (WW) There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a word doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article, "a," can be added in English translation.

name The Greek word translated as "name" is much more complicated than it might at first appear. It can simply mean a "name" as in English but has more depth. It doesn't mean the thing itself, but what people call it. For example, it can mean a "false name," or "a pretense" as we say "this is a marriage in name only." It can also mean representing another person's authority, as we say, "he is acting in the name of the boss."

of -- This word "of"  comes from the genitive case of the following word that requires the addition of a preposition in English.  The most common is the "of" of possession.

the -- (WW) There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a word doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article, "a," can be added in English translation.

Lord. -- The Greek word translated as "lord," means "having power," "being in authority" and "being in possession of." It also means "lord," "master of the house," and "head of the family." However, two different Hebrew words are translated as this Greek word in the OT, the name for God and another Hebrew word with a very similar meaning to this one, referring to someone in authority.