Jesus starts a story about a man picking the best rooms and having someone more worthy show up and ends it with saying to take the lower place and be moved up.
Luke 14:12 When thou makest a dinner or a supper, call not thy friends, nor thy brethren, neither thy kinsmen, nor thy rich neighbours; lest they also bid thee again, and a recompence be made thee.
Luke 14:12 When you give a luncheon or dinner, do not invite your friends, your brothers or sisters, your relatives, or your rich neighbors; if you do, they may invite you back and so you will be repaid.
Whenever you make a breakfast or lunch, don't call those friends of yours nor those family members of yours nor those relatives of yours nor wealthy neighbors not when they themselves also invite you in turn and it becomes a bribe for you.
We cannot give if we are on the take.
Ὅταν ποιῇς ἄριστον ἢ δεῖπνον, μὴ φώνει τοὺς φίλους σου
Whenever you make a breakfast or lunch, don't call those friends of yours
μηδὲ τοὺς ἀδελφούς σου μηδὲ τοὺς συγγενεῖς σου μηδὲ γείτονας πλουσίους,
nor those family members of yours nor those relatives of yours nor neighbors wealthy
μή ποτε καὶ αὐτοὶ ἀντικαλέσωσίν σε καὶ γένηται ἀνταπόδομά σοι.
not when also themselves they invite in turn you and it becomes a bribe for you.
The use of repeated "neither/nor" phrases are a typical humorous technique that Jesus uses. It is a form of exaggeration, to set up the punchline. Jesus's listeners would not have thought there was anything wrong with inviting someone who can later invite them to a meal.
The punchline The word is uncommon in ancient Greek, but occurs a number of times in the Greek Old Testament where is used to mean "benefits" and "just punishment." In Isa 1:23, it is used to mean "bribes," which it likely the sense here.
When(CW) thou makest a dinner or a supper, call not(CW) thy (MWthose) friends, nor thy (MWthose) brethren, neither thy (MWthose) kinsmen, nor thy(IW) rich neighbours; lest they (MWthemselves) also bid thee again, and a recompence be(WV) made(CW) thee.
- CW --Confusing Word -- This is not the common word that should usually be translated as "when."
- CW - Confusing Word -- The "not" does not capture the word's subjective meaning of choices.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "these/those/the" before "friends" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "these/those/the" before "brethren" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "these/those/the" before "kinsmen" is not shown in the English translation.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "thy" doesn't exist in the source.
- MW -- Missing Word -- This subject pronoun duplicates information in the verb so it needs a "themselves" after "they" for This is from the third-person, plural form of the verb. -
- WV --Wrong Voice - The verb in the middle voice requires the concept of "self" as its object.
- CW --Confusing Word -- This is not the common word usually translated as "made."
When(CW) you give(WW) a luncheon or dinner, do call not(CW) invite your (MWthose) friends, your (MWthose) brothers [or sisters(IP2)], your (MWthose) relatives, or your(IW) rich neighbors; [if you do(IP2)], they (MWthemselves) (MWalso) may invite you(WF) back and so(IW) you will(WT) be(WV) (MWbecomes) repaid(WF).
- CW --Confusing Word -- This is not the common word that should usually be translated as "when."
- WW --Wrong Word -- The word translated as "give" should be something more like "make."
- CW - Confusing Word -- The "not" does not capture the word's subjective meaning of choices.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "these/those/the" before "friends" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "nor" after "friends" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "these/those/the" before "brothers" is not shown in the English translation.
- IP - Inserted Phrase-- The "or sisters," doesn't exist in the source. This is counted as 2 translation issues, not 1.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "these/those/the" before "relatives" is not shown in the English translation.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "your " doesn't exist in the source.
- IP - Inserted Phrase-- The "if you do" doesn't exist in the source. This is counted as 2 translation issues, not 1.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "not when" after "do" is not shown in the English translation.
- MW -- Missing Word -- This subject pronoun duplicates information in the verb so it needs a "themselves" after "they" for This is from the third-person, plural form of the verb. -
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "also" after "may" is not shown in the English translation.
- IW - Inserted Word-- The "so" doesn't exist in the source.
- WF -- Wrong Form - This "you" is not a subject but an object.
- WT - Wrong Tense - The verb "will" indicates the future tense, but that is not the tense here.
- WF -- Wrong Form - This "repaid" is not a verb but a noun.
- WV --Wrong Voice - The verb in the middle voice requires the concept of "self" as its object.
- MW - Missing Word -- The word "becomes" after "be" is not shown in the English translation.
When -- (CW) The Greek word translated as "when" introduces a phrase that explains a certain condition so "whenever" or "since." This is not the more common word for "when." Here, the condition is less certain to happen.
thou -- This is from the second-person, singular form of the verb.
makest -- The Greek word translated as "make" has the primary meaning of "making" or producing" something or "causing" or "performing" as service. It describes a productive action. In English, "do" is also frequently a helper verb. This Greek word is not used as broadly.
a -- There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a noun doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article can be added in English translation.
dinner -- The word translated as "dinner" means "breakfast" or "lunch."
or -- "Or" is translated from a Greek word that means primarily "or" but serves as "than" in a comparison. The same word could also be the exclamation "hi" or the adverb meaning "in truth."
a -- There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a noun doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article can be added in English translation.
supper, -- "Feasts" is from a word that means "a meal," "noonday meal," and, generally, "food."
call -- The noun translated as "call" means "sound", "speech", "voice", "cry" [of animals], "sounds" [of inanimate objects], and "report."
not -- (CW) The negative used here is the Greek negative of a subjective opinion, commands, verbs of possibility, and requests. It applies to will, feeling, and thought.
thy -- The word translated as "your" is the genitive form of the singular, second-person pronoun, which is most commonly the possessive form. This pronoun follows the noun so "of yours."
missing "these/those/the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
friends, -- "Friend" is an adjective means "loved," "beloved," "dear," "kith and kin," "nearest and dearest," "friends," and (of things) "welcome" and "pleasant." It is an adjective used as a noun. In English, we would say "loved one."
nor - -- The Greek word "nor" is an adverb that means, literally, "not however," "not at all" or "no even." As a conjunction, it works as both parts of the "neither/nor" constructions.
thy -- The word translated as "your" is the genitive form of the singular, second-person pronoun, which is most commonly the possessive form. This pronoun follows the noun so "of yours."
missing "these/those/the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
brethren, -- The word translated as "brethren" means a biological brother, any kinsmen, and more broadly and friend or associate.
neither -- The Greek word "neither" is an adverb that means, literally, "not however," "not at all" or "no even." As a conjunction, it works as both parts of the "neither/nor" constructions.
thy -- The word translated as "your" is the genitive form of the singular, second-person pronoun, which is most commonly the possessive form. This pronoun follows the noun so "of yours."
missing "these/those/the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
kinsmen, - The noun translated as "kinsmen" "inborn", "of the same family", "kinsfolk", and "akin."
nor - -- The Greek word "nor" is an adverb that means, literally, "not however," "not at all" or "no even." As a conjunction, it works as both parts of the "neither/nor" constructions.
thy (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
rich -- "Rich " is from an adjective that means "rich," and "opulent." It very much has the sense of ostentatiously rich. Here, it is used with an article, "the rich" but unlike English the sense is not a group of people, which would be plural, not singular, but "one who is wealthy."
neighbours; -- The noun translated as "neighbor" means "neighbor" or "one of like kind". This is not the common word translated as "neighbor" in verses such as "love they neighbor".
lest - The word translated as "lest" is from an adverb, which means "never" and "on no account." Used in prohibitions with an aortic subjunctive. Today, we would say "no way!" Literally, the Greek word means "not when."
they -- This is from the third-person, plural form of the verb.
missing "themselves" -- (MW) "Themselves" is the nominative case of the third-person, plural adjective that means "themselves,""ourselves,""yourselves," "the same," "one's true self," and "the soul" as opposed to the body. While other forms of this word are used as pronouns, this form is used for emphasis, since the subject pronoun is part of the verb. Without a verb, the sense is "they are."
also -- The Greek word translated as "also" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
bid -- "Bid...again" is a verb that means "invite in turn". It is used uniquely in this verse. It is a form of the verb "bid/invite"used in the Luke 14:8 and Luke 14:10 . This word appears for the first time in ancient Greek in the NT.
thee - The "you" here is the singular, direct object form the second-person pronoun. It is the object of either the action of the verb or a preposition.
again, - This completes the meaning of the verb. It is from the prefix.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
a -- There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a noun doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article can be added in English translation.
recompence -- "Recompence " is another unique word only used by Jesus here that means "repayment", and "requital,
be -- (WV) This helping verb "be" indicates that the verb is passive, but this verb is not the passive voice, but the middle voice where the subject acts on themselves. That cannot be assumed here.
made -- (CW) The word translated as "made" means "to become," that is, to enter into a new state. When applied to events, this word in the middle voice means "to happen," "to occur," or "take place." For things in the passive, it can be "to be produced." When the participle takes a predicate, the sense is "coming into" something. The form of the verb's object can indicate the time or to whom it "happens." This is not the word usually translated as "made."
thee. -- The word for "you" is the indirect object form of the singular, second-person pronoun in the form of an indirect object of a verb or a preposition.
When -- (CW) The Greek word translated as "when" introduces a phrase that explains a certain condition so "whenever" or "since." This is not the more common word for "when." Here, the condition is less certain to happen.
you -- This is from the second-person, singular form of the verb.
give -- (WW) The Greek word translated as "give" has the primary meaning of "making" or producing" something or "causing" or "performing" as service. It describes a productive action. In English, "do" is also frequently a helper verb. This Greek word is not used as broadly. This word doesn't mean "give."
a -- There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a noun doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article can be added in English translation.
luncheon -- The word translated as "luncheon " means "breakfast" or "lunch."
or -- "Or" is translated from a Greek word that means primarily "or" but serves as "than" in a comparison. The same word could also be the exclamation "hi" or the adverb meaning "in truth."
a -- There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a noun doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article can be added in English translation.
dinner, -- "Dinner" is from a word that means "a meal," "noonday meal," and, generally, "food."
do -- This helping verb is used to create questions, commands, negative statements, and smooth word flow in English.
not -- (CW) The negative used here is the Greek negative of a subjective opinion, commands, verbs of possibility, and requests. It applies to will, feeling, and thought.
invite -- The noun translated as "invite " means "sound", "speech", "voice", "cry" [of animals], "sounds" [of inanimate objects], and "report."
your -- The word translated as "your" is the genitive form of the singular, second-person pronoun, which is most commonly the possessive form. This pronoun follows the noun so "of yours."
missing "these/those/the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
friends, -- "Friend" is an adjective means "loved," "beloved," "dear," "kith and kin," "nearest and dearest," "friends," and (of things) "welcome" and "pleasant." It is an adjective used as a noun. In English, we would say "loved one."
missing "nor " -- (MW) The untranslated word "nor" is an adverb that means, literally, "not however," "not at all" or "no even." As a conjunction, it works as both parts of the "neither/nor" constructions.
your -- The word translated as "your" is the genitive form of the singular, second-person pronoun, which is most commonly the possessive form. This pronoun follows the noun so "of yours."
missing "these/those/the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
brothers , -- The word translated as "brothers " means a biological brother, any kinsmen, and more broadly and friend or associate.
or sisters, -- (IP) There is nothing that can be translated as this phrase in the Greek source.
missing "nor " -- (MW) The untranslated word "nor" is an adverb that means, literally, "not however," "not at all" or "no even." As a conjunction, it works as both parts of the "neither/nor" constructions.
your -- The word translated as "your" is the genitive form of the singular, second-person pronoun, which is most commonly the possessive form. This pronoun follows the noun so "of yours."
missing "these/those/the" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article," the," which usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," and "those"). See this article for more.
relatives, - The noun translated as "relatives" "inborn", "of the same family", "kinsfolk", and "akin."
missing "nor " -- (MW) The untranslated word "nor" is an adverb that means, literally, "not however," "not at all" or "no even." As a conjunction, it works as both parts of the "neither/nor" constructions.
your (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
rich -- "Rich " is from an adjective that means "rich," and "opulent." It very much has the sense of ostentatiously rich. Here, it is used with an article, "the rich" but unlike English the sense is not a group of people, which would be plural, not singular, but "one who is wealthy."
neighbours; -- The noun translated as "neighbor" means "neighbor" or "one of like kind". This is not the common word translated as "neighbor" in verses such as "love they neighbor".
if you do, -- (IP) There is nothing that can be translated as this phrase in the Greek source.
missing "not when" -- (MW) The untranslated word "not when" is from an adverb, which means "not when," "never" and "on no account."
they -- This is from the third-person, plural form of the verb.
missing "themselves" -- (MW) "Themselves" is the nominative case of the third-person, plural adjective that means "themselves,""ourselves,""yourselves," "the same," "one's true self," and "the soul" as opposed to the body. While other forms of this word are used as pronouns, this form is used for emphasis, since the subject pronoun is part of the verb. Without a verb, the sense is "they are."
may -- This helping verb "may" indicates that the verb indicates a possibility, the subjunctive. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English. If the "when" had been translated, this would be assumed.
missing "also" -- (MW) The untranslated word "also" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
invite -- "invite ...back " is a verb that means "invite in turn". It is used uniquely in this verse. It is a form of the verb "bid/invite"used in the Luke 14:8 and Luke 14:10 . This word appears for the first time in ancient Greek in the NT.
you - The "you" here is the singular, direct object form the second-person pronoun. It is the object of either the action of the verb or a preposition.
again, - This completes the meaning of the verb. It is from the prefix.
and -- The Greek word translated as "and" is used as the conjunction "and," but it also is used to add emphasis, "even," "also," and "just."
so -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source.
you -- (WF) The word for "you" is the indirect object form of the singular, second-person pronoun in the form of an indirect object of a verb or a preposition. This is not a subject but an object.
will -- (WT) This helping verb "will" indicates the future tense, but the verb is not the future.
be -- (WV) This helping verb "be" indicates that the verb is passive, but this verb is not the passive voice, but the middle voice where the subject acts on themselves. That cannot be assumed here.
repaid-- (WF) "Repaid" is another unique word only used by Jesus here that means "repayment", and "requital. This is not a verb but a noun.
missing "becomes" -- (MW) The untranslated word "becomes" means "to become," that is, to enter into a new state. When applied to events, this word in the middle voice means "to happen," "to occur," or "take place." For things in the passive, it can be "to be produced." When the participle takes a predicate, the sense is "coming into" something. The form of the verb's object can indicate the time or to whom it "happens." This is not the word usually translated as "made."
Ὅταν [70 verses](adv/conj) "When" is from hotan, which means "whenever (as a condition)," and "since (as a cause)."
ποιῇς [168 verses](verb 2nd sg pres subj act) "Thou makest" is poieo, which means "to make," "to produce," "to create," "to bring into existence," "to bring about," "to cause," "to perform," "to render," "to consider," "to prepare," "to make ready," and "to do." The accusative object is what is made. Double accusative is to do something to someone. When it has a genitive object, it means "made from." When it doesn't have an object, the verb is translated as "perform" or simply "do." When used with an accusative infinitive, it means to "cause" or "bring about." A dative object means "made with." With the preposition "into" (eis) it means "made into."
ἄριστόν[2 verses] (noun sg neut acc) "Dinner" is from ariston, which originally meant "breakfast" but later meant "luncheon."
ἢ [92 verses](conj/adv) "Or" is e, which is a particle used as a disjunctive, "either," "or," , or as a comparative, "than" or "rather than." It is (explam) also an exclamation, "hi!" and an adverb,(adv) meaning "in truth" and "of a surety." It is used with comparative forms of adjective or with positive adjective implying a comparison.
δεῖπνον, [7 verses] (noun pl masc dat) "Supper" is from deipnon, which means "a meal," "noonday meal," and, generally, "food."
μὴ [447 verses](conj) "Not" is me , which is the negative used in prohibitions and expressions of doubt meaning "not" and "no." The negative, μή, rejects, is relative, and subjective. It is used with verbs of subjective action: thinking, feeling, seeing, etc. It is used in imperative and subjunctive clauses because both express opinions. With pres. or aor. subjunctive, it is used in a warning or statement of fear, "take care." The combination of ἵνα μή means "lest." The combination of ὅτι μή, means "except." Used before tis with an imperative to express a will or wish for something in independent sentences and, with subjunctives, to express prohibitions. It is used with infinitives that express a purpose. When used with verbs of physical action, its sense is that "not wanting" or "thinking" something, not that it isn't done or thought. With these verbs, the sense is rejecting the action, rather than simply not doing it. With the verb "to be," the sense is "doesn't seem." When a negative precedes the verb, it affects the whole clause. When it precedes other words, its force is limited to those words. Used with an imperative to express a will or wish. Used in negative conditional "when/if/whoever" clauses. With "have," the sense is "lacks" or "wants."
φώνει [13 verses] (verb 2nd sg pres imperat act) "Call" is phone, which means "sound", "tone", "sound of a voice", "speech", "voice", "utterance", "cry" [of animals], "sounds" [of inanimate objects], "faculty of speech", "phrase", "saying", "rumor," and "report." --
τοὺς [821 verses](article pl masc acc) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones." --
φίλους [17 verses](adj pl masc acc) "Friends" is from philos, which as an adjective means "loved," "beloved," "dear," "kith and kin," "nearest and dearest," "friends," and (of things) "welcome" and "pleasant."
σου [144 verses](pron 2nd sg gen) "Thy" is sou is the genitive form of the second-person, singular pronoun that means "of you" and "your." As a genitive object of a preposition, as here, it means a movement away from something or a position away from something else.
μηδὲ [24 verses] (partic) "Neither" is mede, which means "however, not," "but not," "nor," and "not." The negative is the one used in prohibitions and expressions of doubt meaning "not" and "no."It is the Greek negative of a subjective opinion, commands, and requests, used with subjunctive verbs plus the conjunction usually translated as "but." For other verbs, the sense is rejecting something, not that it isn't done. At the beginning of a sentence, always introduces an additional negation, after some negative idea has already been expressed or implied. As a conjunction, it works as both parts of the "neither/nor" constructions or "rejecting...and rejecting." -
τοὺς [821 verses](article pl masc acc) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones." -
ἀδελφούς [37 verses](noun pl masc acc) "Brethren" is adelphos, which means "son of the same mother," "kinsman," "colleague," "associate," and "brother."
σου [144 verses](pron 2nd sg gen) "Thy" is sou is the genitive form of the second-person, singular pronoun that means "of you" and "your." As a genitive object of a preposition, as here, it means a movement away from something or a position away from something else.
μηδὲ [24 verses] (partic) "Neither" is mede, which means "however, not," "but not," "nor," and "not." The negative is the one used in prohibitions and expressions of doubt meaning "not" and "no."It is the Greek negative of a subjective opinion, commands, and requests, used with subjunctive verbs plus the conjunction usually translated as "but." For other verbs, the sense is rejecting something, not that it isn't done. At the beginning of a sentence, always introduces an additional negation, after some negative idea has already been expressed or implied. As a conjunction, it works as both parts of the "neither/nor" constructions or "rejecting...and rejecting."
τοὺς [821 verses](article pl masc acc) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"). It usually precedes a noun or changes the word it precedes (adjective, infinitive, participle, etc.) to act like a noun. When not preceding a a word that can become a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones."
συγγενεῖς [3 verses](adj pl masc acc contr) "Kinsmen" is syggenes, which means "congenital", "inborn", "character", "natural," "of the same family", "kinsfolk", "kindred," and "akin." This word is not used in Matthew, appears in Mark only here, and twice in Luke, though in different verses. -
σου [144 verses](pron 2nd sg gen) "Thy" is sou is the genitive form of the second-person, singular pronoun that means "of you" and "your." As a genitive object of a preposition, as here, it means a movement away from something or a position away from something else.
μηδὲ [24 verses] (partic) "Neither" is mede, which means "however, not," "but not," "nor," and "not." The negative is the one used in prohibitions and expressions of doubt meaning "not" and "no."It is the Greek negative of a subjective opinion, commands, and requests, used with subjunctive verbs plus the conjunction usually translated as "but." For other verbs, the sense is rejecting something, not that it isn't done. At the beginning of a sentence, always introduces an additional negation, after some negative idea has already been expressed or implied. As a conjunction, it works as both parts of the "neither/nor" constructions or "rejecting...and rejecting."
γείτονας [3 verses] (noun pl masc/fem acc) "Neighbors"is geiton, which means "neighbour", "borderer", "from or in the neighbourhood", and "be of like kind".
πλουσίους, [11 verses] (adj pl masc acc) "Rich" is from plousios, which means "rich," and "opulent." It very much has the sense of ostentatiously rich.
μήποτε [4 verses](adv) "Lest" is mepote, which means "never," and "on no account." As a conjunction, "lest ever." Literally, it means "not when." It takes a subjunctive verb like an "if/when" statement.
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "also." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even," "also," and "just." In a series, it can be translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as."
αὐτοὶ [32 verses](pron/adj pl masc nom) "Ourselves" is autoi. the nominative case of the third-person, plural adjective that means "themselves," "ourselves," "yourselves," "the same," "one's true self," and "the soul" as opposed to the body. It also means "of one's own accord." While other forms of this word are used as pronouns, this form is used for emphasis, since the subject pronoun is part of the verb. emphasis.
ἀντικαλέσωσίν [1 verse](verb 3rd pl aor subj act) "Bid...again" is antikaleo, which means "invite in turn".
σε: [48 verses](pron 2nd sg acc) "You" is from se the accusative (direct objective) form of the second-person, singular pronoun. As an object of a preposition, it indicates movement or the result of movement. -- -
καὶ [1089 verses](conj/adv) "And" is kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "also." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even," "also," and "just." In a series, it can be translated as "not only...but also." After words implying sameness "as."
γένηται [117 verses](verb 3rd sg aor subj mid) "Be made" is ginomai, which means "to become," "to come into being," "to happen," of things "to be produced," of events "happen," (passive) "take place," "come to pass," "to be engaged in," math "to be multiplied into," "become one of," "turn into." It means changing into a new state of being. When the participle takes a predicate, the sense is "coming into" something. This verb also has a number of special meanings with different prepositions. It is the complementary opposite of the verb "to be" (eimi) which indicates existence in the same state. A genitive object indicates the time during which it "happens" or a date on which it "falls." A dative object indicates to whom it happens.
ἀνταπόδομά [1 verse](noun sg neut nom/acc) "Recompence " is antapodoma , which means "repayment", and "requital."
σοὶ [81 verses](pron 2nd sg dat) "You" is soi which is the singular, second-person pronoun, "you," in the form of an indirect pronoun. -